Saint-Martin-des-Champs Priory
Saint- Martin-des -Champs (St. Martin in the Fields) is of the 12th- and 13th -century former monastery church of the same name, during the French Revolution dissolved abbey or priory, whose name derives from its original location in the north derived from Paris along the old Roman road to Soissons extending fields. From the once important monastery, the former, located in what is now the 3rd arrondissement Roman road gave its name to Rue Saint- Martin, the church building and the former refectory are only preserved. You are in possession of the arts and crafts school Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers, in the church exhibits of its affiliated Musée des Arts et Métiers and shows the refectory as a library uses ( see below).
Abbey and priory of Saint- Martin-des -Champs
The Abbey of Saint -Martin -des- Champs emerged from a since the 8th century testified before the city gates monastic community. It was in 1060 courtesy of Henry I (or his wife Anna of Kiev ) under royal protection and reorganized. 1079 Saint -Martin was converted into a priory of the Abbey of Cluny.
To the monastery developed the same place, at the time of construction of the city wall of Philip Augustus (1190-1210) was still out of town, was the construction of the city wall under Étienne Marcel ( from 1356) but incorporated.
The church, in the mix of Romanesque and Gothic style elements, was built in the 12th and 13th centuries. The apse dates from the 1130er years, the Gothic refectory was built in the 1235er years by Pierre de Montreuil, the architect of the Sainte -Chapelle. The monastery buildings are from Antoine from the end of the 18th century.
After the dissolution of the monastery by the French Revolution, the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers in 1798 housed here, whose current buildings were built from 1845 by Léon Vaudoyer. The Church is now an annex of the Musée des Arts et Métiers (here is the original of the Foucault pendulum ), the refectory was the library.
The church building
The choir is the oldest part of the church dates from the second quarter of the 12th century. He is considered the transition between Romanesque and Gothic periods, and is therefore an important component in the French architectural history. The ambulatory is still running as a Romanesque groined vault, but which is caught by the early Gothic ribs of the chapels. Here was the first attempt, the ambulatory and chapels space to connect with each other which was a clear departure from the Romanesque, the ambulatory and chapels separated always strictly. There were even omitted the usual divisive tongue walls, so that the bands overlap. Thus, the pattern of a double intercourse was formed here already, at the Notre Dame came later as a definitive form of the Gothic to application. It is evident, however, clear that the construction of the Church of St- Martin-des -Champs, the builders were still uncertain about the use of the new forms. From the 13th century comes the simple, single-aisled nave. The refectory is a two-nave, Gothic building.
The organ dates from the second half of the 19th century and was built by Aristide Cavaillé -Coll. The instrument has 19 stops on two manuals and pedal. The play and Registertrakturen are mechanical.
- Couplers: II / I, I / P, II / P
Today's use
Today, the church and the refectory to the Musée des Arts et Métier - Techniques include. The nave is the hall under the title " Pantheon of the art". Here are some very valuable milestones in the history of technology, the gas engine of Lenoir and the first steam-powered bus from Amedee Bollee. The Foucault pendulum, however, is located in the church choir. The refectory houses the library and is not accessible for normal museum visitors.