Salvia sclarea
Clary Sage (Salvia sclarea )
The Clary Sage (Salvia sclarea ), also muscat sage, called Roman sage or Scharlei, is a species of the genus sage (Salvia ) in the mint family ( Lamiaceae). The glandular - sticky plant exudes a spice -like smell, and then the German trivial name refers.
Features
The Clary Sage is an evergreen biennial to perennial herbaceous plant with pleiokormer taproot. The plant reaches heights of growth from 50 to 110 centimeters. In the first year rosette of leaves is formed in the second year, the inflorescence develops. The leaf blade of the large leaves is easy and herzeiförmig designed and hairy gray. The violet and pink petals of the contract Scheinquirle are longer than the calyx. The inflorescence axes are occupied with simple hairs and glandular hairs ( Muskatellergeruch ). The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic. The calyx is broadly heart- shaped, ciliated briefly on the edge, purple, burgundy or white. The calyx teeth are awned and pungent. The crown is 20 to 28 millimeters long, light blue, pink or purple. The corolla tube is inside on the ventral side of a small scale.
The flowering period extends from June to July.
Occurrence
The clary sage occurs in Central and Eastern Europe and Western Asia. He settled rocky slopes, forests, fields and roadsides at altitudes of 2000 meters.
Use
The Clary Sage is often cultivated as an ornamental plant in perennial beds. He is since at least the 9th century in culture, there are some varieties.
It is used as a medicinal herb and spice.
It can be used the following drugs:
- Salviae herba sclareae (synonyms: Gallitrichi Herba, Herba Hormini sativi, Herba Salviae sclareae ): There are harvested during the flowering season aboveground plant parts.
- Oleum Salviae sclareae (synonym: Salviae sclareae aetheroleum ): By means of steam distillation to 100 kg of the inflorescences and shoot tips approximately 800 grams of clear essential oil of clary sage ( oleum salviae sclareae ) are obtained. One of the main components of a colorless oil are linalyl acetate addition (up to 75 %), linalool (up to 30 %) and nerolidol and Neroliacetat and the diterpene alcohol sclareol, but that may vary greatly depending on growing region and climatic conditions.
The effect of clary sage is equal to that of the genuine. In Greek and Roman times it was used for headaches. Leaves and flowers can be eaten raw or cooked. The flowers are used to flavor vermouth, before they were added to other wines. This use coined the term " muscatel ." The oil of the plant is processed in the perfume and cosmetics industry. The flowers of the clary sage are also relatively good for bees. On a passed with it area of one hectare a honey yield 107-174 kg May arise per flowering season.