Sânpetru Mare
Sânpetru Mare (Eng. Great Saint Peter, also Ratzsanktpeter, Hungarian Nagyszentpéter serb., Veliki Sempetar ) is a municipality in Timiş, Banat, Romania.
Location
Sânpetru Mare is located in the northwest of the circle Timiş, on the border of Arad county. The Aranka flows through the town. Sânpetru Mare is crossed by the national road DJ692, which connects Sânnicolau Mare Timişoara. Similarly, the community is located on the railway line Timişoara Valcani.
Neighboring towns
History
The town was first mentioned in 1333 in the papal tax lists under the name Sancto Petro. Over time, the place had different names, depending on the respective administration.
1421 gave King Sigismund of Hungary center Peter the family of Doja Marczalli, Bishop of the Diocese Csanád.
1464 began the Hungarian colonization of the region. 1514, the population of center Peter on peasant uprising involved under the leader György Dózsa. After the Peace of Passarowitz (1718 ), the Austrian colonization began. 1748 " Ratz St. Peter" was colonized by Germans.
Until 1861, German and Serbs formed a single political community. This year, the residents of the new settlement broke away and formed a separate municipality, which was called the German Sankt Peter and later Ujszentpeter ( Neusanktpeter ). The Serbian community was renamed Serbsanktpeter and later Nagyszentpeter ( Great Saint Peter ).
On 4 June 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon. The largest, eastern part, which included Great Saint Peter, fell to Romania.
As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany all ethnic German conscript men were drafted into the German army. From Great Saint Peter 1944 180 persons went in the fall to escape to the west. Most did not return. Even before the war, in January 1945, the deportation of all ethnic German women took place between 18 and 30 years and men aged 16-45 years to build labor in the Soviet Union instead. From Great St. Peter 75 people were abducted. The land reform law of 23 March 1945 which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, the rural population deprived the livelihood.
1930-1940 established themselves Romanian families from Igris and Seitin in place in 1945 came from Transylvania and Romanian families from Dobrogea added. Sânpetru Mare emerged after the Second World War, through the merger of the predominantly Serb- inhabited Great Saint Peter ( Velica Szent -Peter ) and now inhabited by Germans, mainly by Romanians Neusanktpeter.
As the population along the Romanian- Yugoslav border of the Romanian governance after the rift between Stalin and Tito and his exclusion was classified from the Cominform alliance as a security risk, took place on 18 June 1951, the deportation " of politically unzuverlässlichen elements " in the Bărăgan - steppe, regardless of ethnicity. Romanian leadership aimed at the same time to break the onset of resistance to the upcoming collectivization of agriculture. Bărăganverschleppten When returning home in 1956, they received the 1945 expropriated houses and farms refunded. possession of the field, however, was collectivized.
Etymology
Cultural life
On September 9, 1809, first priest Stefan Novak began his service in the newly built church. In the same year a new school house was built. A German school already existed since 1796th As a result of emigration to Germany and to Austria diminished the number of German children, so there was no school and no German German kindergarten more since the 1980s.
Tourist attraction
A tourist attraction is the national park on Maroschtal. 2004 an area of 17,166 ha was declared on the territory of Timiş and Arad counties to the nature reserve to protect rare species of birds and endangered tree stocks by decree. 2006 forest inventory has been substantially increased by Neubeplanzungen and established a service station.