Santol (fruit)
Santolbaum ( Sandoricum koetjape )
Sandoricum koetjape is a plant of the genus Sandoricum in the family of the mahogany family ( Meliaceae ). The fruit is called santol and is widely grown in Southeast Asia and many other tropical areas.
- 5.1 Notes and references
Description
Appearance and foliage leaf
Sandoricum koetjape is a fast- growing evergreen ( in dry regions and deciduous ), big tree, which grows to a height of 15 to 45 meters. The straight trunk has a light bark. It has branches up to its base. Old specimens have buttress roots.
The alternate and spirally arranged on the branches leaves are stalked. The leaf blade is composed of three leaf sections. The leaf sections are elliptic to oblong - ovate, blunt Spreitenbasis and sharpened at the upper end of a length of 20 and 25 cm.
Inflorescence and flower
Are located on the young branches over Blütenstandsschäften the 15 to 30 cm long, paniculate inflorescences. The greenish, yellowish or pink- yellow flowers are about 1 cm in size. There are five petals present.
Fruit and seeds
Spherical with a diameter of 4 to 7.5 cm to the flattened fruit capsules often have wrinkles. The yellowish when ripe to golden- colored, sometimes tinted pink, or orange fruits have a thin to thick pericarp with hairy surface, it contains a milky sap. In the fruit there are three to five seeds. The seeds are clinging to freely surrounded by an aril, which is the edible fruit pulp. The white- transparent, juicy fruit pulp has a sweet, almost acidic or sour flavor. The brown, up to 2 cm long seeds are indigestible and therefore not suitable for consumption. The fruits ripen on the Malay Peninsula in June and July, in Florida in August and September, to the Philippines from July to October.
Dissemination
Sandoricum koetjape is probably native to Indochina, particularly in Cambodia and southern Laos, as well as on the Malay Peninsula. He introduced a long time ago in many areas and is widely used today by India on the Andaman Islands, Moluccas and Mauritius to the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia wild before. Santol is widely cultivated as a fruit in Southeast Asia and many other tropical areas.
Taxonomy
The first publication of this kind took place in 1768 under the name ( basionym ) Melia koetjape by Nicolaas Laurens Burman in Flora Indica ... nec non Prodromus Florae capensis, p 101 It was in 1912 under the name Elmer Drew Merrill Sandoricum koetjape by in Philippine Journal of Science, Volume 7 (4 ), pp. 237 placed in the genus Sandoricum. Other synonyms for Sandoricum koetjape ( Burm. f ) Merr. are: . Sandoricum indicum Cav, Sandoricum nervosum flower.
Use
The fruit is usually eaten raw as a fruit, you have to peel them. In India they are eaten with spices. They are processed, among other things in jams, jellies, syrups or chutney. Overripe fruits are used with rice to prepare an alcoholic beverage.
For medicinal purposes crushed leaves are used against itching of the skin. In folk medicine, the Philippines fresh leaves are placed at fever heat on the body in order to better take him sweat.
The first gray after drying reddish- brown wood is relatively hard and easy to process, so it is versatile. However, it is often of lesser quality, prone to insect infestation and rapid weathering in a humid environment
Swell
- J. Morton. Santol - Sandoricum koetjape Merr, pp. 199-201, In: Julia F. Morton: Fruits of Warm climates, 1987, Miami, FL. Santol - Online at Crop Index Purdue University.