Saor Uladh
Saor Uladh, rare Saor Ulaidh ( [s ˠ i ː r ˠ UL ˠ ə ], Irish: Free Ulster ), was a paramilitary, Irish republican splinter group, the (IRA ) was primarily active in Northern Ireland's County Tyrone 1951-1959 as a splinter group of the Irish Republican Army.
Founder of Saor Uladh was Liam Kelly, who had been expelled in October 1951 due to arbitrary actions of the IRA. Kelly had considerable support in Tyrone, so that the majority of the local IRA members joined him. Between 1953 and 1958, representing the constituency of Mid Tyrone Kelly in the lower house of the Northern Ireland Parliament. Trailer Kellys founded end of 1953 the Fianna Uladh ( Ulster soldiers ) than political wing of Saor Uladh. 1954 Kelly was elected to Seanad Éireann, the upper house of the Republic of Ireland, where he remained until 1957. The election followed a suggestion of Clann na Poblachta, a republican party to Seán MacBride. In contrast to the position taken by the IRA and Sinn Féin in the 1950s policy Kelly acknowledged the Constitution of Ireland of 1937 and advocated to extend the validity of the constitution of the entire island.
On November 26, 1955, the RUC police station in Rosslea, a place near the inner Irish border in County Fermanagh, target of an attack of Saor Uladh. In the failed attack an RUC officer was injured; one of the 14 attackers died of his injuries after fleeing across the inner- Irish border. On November 30, 1955 forbade the Northern Ireland Minister of the Interior Saor Uladh; the Fianna Uladh was also banned the end of 1956. In November 1956 Saor Uladh was responsible for a series of attacks on unmanned border posts along the inner- Irish border. In May 1957 members of Saor Uladh perpetrated by with a group of dissident IRA members to Joe Christle an attack on a lock on the Newry Canal. In July 1957, a Saor Uladh member was killed in a shootout with police officers from the RUC at the inner- Irish border in County Fermanagh.
The IRA watching the activities of the approximately 50 members of Saor Uladh intensive. Given the popularity of Kelly's avoided the IRA a direct action against Saor Uladh and tried to limit the activities of the underground organization on Tyrone. The attacks of Saor Uladh be seen in part as one of the reasons for the decision of the IRA in the Border Campaign from December 1956 back to carry out attacks in Northern Ireland. During the Border Campaign, the relationship between the two organizations was ambivalent: As the Government of the Republic of Ireland introduced internment without trial, held in the Curragh members of Saor Uladh were ostracized by the local IRA members. At the same time, both organizations worked in Northern Ireland, particularly in Tyrone, closely.
The last Saor Uladh attributed attack took place in March 1959, when a Land Rover in Clogher RUC was destroyed. That same year, Kelly emigrated to the United States after he had stopped there before July 1957, to organize support among Irish emigrants.