Satanic Verses

" The Satanic Verses " is the name of an episode in the biography of Muhammad, the "The Star" (al- Najm ) related to the 53th Sura. There is about the ancient deities worshiped in the Kaaba in Mecca. According to a tradition which started in his Kitaab aṭ - Tabaqat and the Qur'an commentator and historian Tabari in his history and his commentary on the Qur'an biographer Ibn Sa ʿ d, Mohammed, the goddesses Al -Lat, Al -Uzza, and Manat allowed to call to intercession, revoked the corresponding verses, however, soon. The term " Satanic Verses " coined William Muir, in Arab chronicles and in the Koran comments the episode is referred to as the "crane report " or as the " foisted Verses".

Verses

According to tradition, the Qur'an was revealed in Mecca, where the three goddesses Al -Lat was worshiped in a statue as a woman, Al -Uzza, a tree and the fate goddess Manat as stone. All three were in addition to the high god Allah and other gods such as Hubal worshiped in the Kaaba.

While an opinion on these three goddesses Mohammed began:

This is where the variant:

While the verses in the canonical form are:

The tradition is embedded in a story of temptation, in the place of the Archangel Gabriel who dictated the Koran rest according to Islamic tradition, Satan have dictated the obnoxious verses, which was corrected in a later revelation by the angel.

The intra- Islamic controversy over the report

Among the few scholars who considered this report in terms of a visitation from Satan for authentic, Ibn Taymiyah belonged, Ibrahim al - Kurani and Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab -.

Interpretations of the Satanic Verses in Islamic Studies

Apart from a psychologizing explanation that can be found in trivial and popular scientific literature, especially the historical-critical analysis going on traditio-historically. Since not find the variant in an actual or ostensible polemic by non-Muslims, William Montgomery Watt and Alfred Guillaume have called for the originality of the offensive variant, since Muslims had their prophets hardly attributed to such a disrespectful history. As part of the tradition criticism, however, it is conceivable that an offensive variant is replaced by the formation of a community nichtanstößigen variant, not vice versa. The temptation legend connected then tries to explain the still well-known and not fully repressed verses. The first written final editing was created after the death of the Prophet in the year 11 AH (632 AD ) at the time of the first Caliph Abu Bakr, so up to this point would have been possible the entry of a variant tradition.

On the other hand, it is held in the more recent interpretations of the Qur'an also possible that under the influence of the Jewish and Christian prophets image for the prophetic image of Muslims heard a story of temptation for the constitutive tradition.

Swell

The Qur'an quotations are taken:

• Adel Khoury Th ( translator's ): The Quran Gütersloher publishing house, several issues, such as ISBN 3-579-02154-0

The Satanic verses were quoted from:

• The Qur'an, commentary, and concordance. Carbon Hammer, 1971 (2005, 7th edition ). ISBN 3-17-018990-5