School meal

School meals called in Germany the care of pupils, staff and other employees at schools with hot main meals. One of the objectives of school feeding it to contribute to a whole food supply belongs.

History

1920s

Among the advocates of the introduction of school meals counted in the 1920s, the Saxon Landtag and Reichstag deputy Ernst Schneller (KPD ), which also covers learning material, free medical examinations and equipping children with clothes demanded.

The Briton John Boyd Orr fought for improving the quality of life of children during growth and for reform in the school meals. For its international engagement, he received the 1949 Nobel Peace Prize.

West Germany after the Second World War

The introduction of school meals in postwar Germany began in the different zones at different times.

The British led in their zone from March 1946 through a school feeding from army surplus. The Swedish power supplied three -to six- year-old children within the British occupation zone; mainly in Berlin, Hamburg and the Ruhr. The Swiss organization Swiss donation supported from September 1945 until the end of 1946 children in Hamburg, Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland. Former U.S. President Herbert C. Hoover recommended " a daily supplementary meal ( 350 kcal. ) For children and old people from army stocks, supplemented by fat and meat from the German livestock reduction program ". On his initiative came about that were supplied from 14 April 1947 in Bizonia from the supplied 40,000 tons of food for 3.5 million children and adolescents 6 to 18 years daily with a meal.

In the French zone, the school feeding started from May 1949. The children were regularly weighed and measured. You had to bring a spoon and a vessel itself. Sometimes, these were merely " a tin can with selbstgefertigtem Henkel wire ".

In Bavaria particular the guidelines for the implementation of school feeding in Bavaria on 17 April 1947: " For persons entitled base includes all school-age children aged 6 to 18 years old [ ... ] according to medical reports. Children from self-sufficient are not eligible. " About 20% of the children examined were classified as malnourished. While in big cities the soups were cooked in commercial kitchens and delivered in containers in schools, elsewhere only the ingredients together with combustible material has been made available. The school feeding lasted until about 1950 /51.

School Feeding in Eastern Germany

In the GDR occurred in 1975 a regulation on students and children feeding into force. All children in preschool institutions ( kindergartens ) and 85 % of all students took until 1989 daily a nutritional full hot lunch. Even with drinking milk, students were supplied in their schools. 75 % of the financial cost of the raw materials and wages and associated costs subsidized municipalities. The participants paid 0.50 to 0.75 per GDR marks warm midday meal.

Other countries

• End of the 1970s, the Ecuadorian government introduced under Jaime Roldós a school lunch to support the literacy campaign.
• In 1981, David Stockman suggested, the financial expert in Ronald Reagan's government, the right to declare ketchup as a vegetable in order to meet the requirements for state-funded school meals cheaper can. The design was rejected.

Developments in the 21st century

The supply of students with school milk is the European Union / 2000 of the European Commission and the German regulation adopted pursuant thereto, of 20 July 2001 continued in accordance with Regulation (EC ) No 2707. In 2009, the European School Fruit Scheme was launched.

In Britain, the chef Jamie Oliver organized in 2004 a campaign against fast food. The series Jamie 's School Dinners campaign resulted in the Feed me better with 241,000 collected at several schools of England signatures. In 2005, the Labour government responded with a promise to provide additional 280 million pounds sterling to improve school meals. A counter-movement of parents, represented inter alia by Julie Critchlow and Sam Walker, meanwhile, calls for more fast food. In November 2006 there was a kind of boycott of broccoli. In the UK, also is the Blog Never Seconds become known in which a student commented on her school lunches.

250,000 students are provided with a daily school meal for world time through the school lunch of the United Nations World Food Programme. The Federal Foreign Office in 2006 particularly affected by the drought children in northern Kenya with school meals.

Since 2009 the project kitchens for Germany's schools. This joint project of the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection, the TV chef Tim maltsters, the Bertelsmann Foundation and the kitchen manufacturer Nolte kitchens as a sponsor is carried out in the framework of the National Action Plan IN FORM. The aim of the project is to anchor the theme " Healthy eating and cooking " in the school life of children and adolescents. To achieve this goal, a nationwide competition will be conducted in the schools at primary and secondary levels of can apply a new exercise cuisine. Parallel to this, the Federal Ministry of Food endeavor within the project " School Food = Note 1" ensuring that he developed in order quality standards found in the school meals more consideration. To this end, the federal government, established jointly with the countries in all provinces so-called school crosslinking sites.