Scutellaria minor
Small Skullcap ( Scutellaria minor)
The Small Skullcap ( Scutellaria minor), also called Moor Schildkraut, one is in Central Europe rather rare species of the genus Skullcap ( Scutellaria ).
- 3.1 Notes and references
Description
Appearance, shoots and leaves
The perennial herbaceous plant usually reaches a height of 10 to 20 cm.
The stem often grows easy, but it can also have many protruding side branches. He is usually thin and sharp 4- edged shape. He is smooth or slightly rough around the edges.
The leaves are very short stalked, ovate - lanceolate, 1-2 cm long and 3-6 mm wide. They are rounded or truncate at the base, the middle on each side have a weak tooth. They are usually dull and slightly annoying, under hand only slightly brighter than the upper side and usually on both sides of short hair more or less rough.
Inflorescence, flowers and fruit
The Small Skullcap has about 6 to 7 mm long flowers that sit on 2 mm long, almost horizontal stems. They form terminal, rich flowering and einseitswendige Seems screws with upward gradually become smaller bracts. The lower support sheets are always longer, while the upper is somewhat shorter than the flowers. The pedicels, the calyx and the crown are of short, protruding glands and loose hair slightly fluffy.
The crown is dirty purple - pink and has a straight, pre-stretched, funnel shaped tube. She has a short, broad, three-lobed upper lip and a slightly longer, whitish, purple - spotted lower lip. The longer stamens are about as long as the upper lip, under whose lateral lobes lie.
The Klausen are almost spherical, yellow-brown and densely covered with rough warts.
The Small Skullcap blooms from July to August, sometimes in September. The chromosome number is 2n = 28
Occurrence
The Small Skullcap is found only on calcium-poor soils. It grows in high and transitional bogs, on wet peat, sand and clay, in swamp forests and ditches. It comes from the lowlands to the front of fir and spruce stage of the highlands. The Small Skullcap is one of the few clear kalkfliehenden mint.
Scutellaria minor is an Atlantic bog plant that reaches its eastern border in Germany. It grows in Portugal, via Spain through France, to Ireland, England and Western Scotland. Also, it occurs in Belgium and Holland and the western part of Germany. It is completely absent in Switzerland and Austria.
In Germany, the Small Skullcap is common in the Rhine region, but nowhere common. There are also deposits in the southern Black Forest, and quite isolated localities in Württemberg, Bavaria, North Rhine -Westphalia, Lower Saxony, Saxony -Anhalt, Brandenburg and Saxony. In the Red List of endangered species in Germany it is classified as endangered.
In the flower structure, it differs by the straight corolla tube and the Bank is not articulated remote upper lip of the related species. The corolla tube is so short that the nectar and insects kurzrüssligen is accessible. The rough Klausen will probably also of this type spread by birds. This can probably explain the often very isolated locations.