Sergeant

Sergeant ( English), Sergent (French ), Sargento (Portuguese and Spanish: from Latin Servia, serving ) is in many Anglo-Saxon and Latin countries, a non-commissioned officer rank. The rank is also used by the police. In France, the Sergent in the so-called " mounted troops " ( eg Panzertruppe gendarmerie ) called Maréchal -des- logis.

Origin

As servientes equites (French: à cheval sergents ) you designated in the High Middle Ages, around since the 12th century mounted soldiers not knightly descent, ie non-noble soldiers, miners and professional warriors, armed by chivalrous nature and fought. Partly also precious servants were called servientes, so young nobles who had not been through the knighting (later knighted ) PhD knighted. The term was applied, if not chivalrous Order members were generally referred to as sergeant, especially in the military orders of knights.

Armed Forces Rank

Based on the ranking table of NATO forces ( NATO Rank Code System ) allows the rank " Sergeant " rank in relation to ranks of the Bundeswehr. A British Sergeant in tune with his powers, the ranks sergeant up to and including Sergeant from. In some British regiments including The Rifles the name Serjeant is performed traditionally. An American sergeant, however, corresponds to the Bundeswehr ranks corporal and sergeant; in a similar ratio to the French and the Italian Sergent Sergente.

The professional qualification and duration of training, however, can vary greatly: in the Bundeswehr was promoted to sergeant is usually after about a year training possible, in France, however, after only three months.

In the multilingual Swiss Army sergeant corresponds to the sergeant, which is used as the group leader.

Police rank

The rank or the official title " Sergeant " is also used by many police forces of different countries. It is the highest rank that a boss official holds, which is used directly in a department or patrolling, usually.

In the British police of Police Sergeant Police Constable between the and the Inspector is located. British Police Sergeants are addressed generally by their subordinates as " Sergeant ", " sarge ", " Skipper" or " Skip". Constables must have completed their two -year probationary period before they can apply for the selection tests to the Sergeant. In London's Metropolitan Police Service existed from 1890 to 1973 have a higher degree of service Sergeant, Station Sergeant or First Class Detective in the Department of Criminal Investigations.

In many U.S. police forces is the sergeant who is usually located directly under lieutenant, also used as a rank.

The police forces of New Zealand and Australia also have the rank of Senior Sergeant.

Historical use in Germany

In the Prussian Army, the rank of Sergeant in 1843 was reintroduced, after being temporarily abolished and partly used interchangeably with the term " sergeant ". The big eagle button as a badge of rank on the collar, also called in the jargon soldiers flywheel came on until 1846.

In the army contingent of the German Empire, the sergeant ranked according to the chief petty officers and stood between the corporal or sergeant and the sergeant. A sergeant at the earliest could be carried after 5 1/2 years of service for Sgt. However, the sergeant was not a regular way by current service level between the sergeant and the sergeant; the sergeant moved only longer serving function NCOs (eg as sanitary sergeant, instructor or squad leader ). An infantry regiment had about 48 -budgetary sergeant.

The rank was in 1921 renamed " sergeant " accordingly "Under sergeant " in cavalry and artillery. He corresponds in the modern Bundeswehr of the Federal Republic of Germany - but except for officer cadets now always has to be traversed - Rank Staff Sergeant.

Police

Around the same time with the re-emergence of the service level in the army sergeant came in the police forces of the countries of the German Confederation in use. Since simple police officers usually ranked with the non-commissioned officers of the army, the sergeant was as the next higher rank almost everywhere of the second lowest rank of the police - in front of the small-town policeman, the policeman in the city or the militarily organized robbers in the country.

In this regard, one exception was Prussia and the Grand Duchy of Hesse. In the police administrations of the Prussian small and medium-sized cities was " Sergeant " entry- grade and rank equally with the " policeman " of the military -oriented Berliner protection team. In the Grand Duke of Hesse, the simple gendarme gendarmerie was equal rank with the sergeant of the army.

In all police forces of the Empire were " sergeant " and the " sergeant " the immediate superior ranks. This corresponded to the " sergeant " and " Sergeant " of the army. In Bavaria existed in addition to the rank of " staff sergeant ", comparable to the " warrant officer " of the army.

Since the mid-19th century former soldiers were almost exclusively employed in the police service. The Berlin protection team accepted since 1852, only those candidates who had voluntarily served nine years ( instead of the usual two to three years active duty in the military ), of which at least five years as a commissioned officer. The same was true in most German states.

The police rank " Sergeant " was used a few years even after the end of the German Empire in 1918. Around 1923 it accounted for fully. In Bavaria, Hesse and Prussia took his place the team rank " Under sergeant ".