Sergey Muromtsev

Sergei Andreyevich Muromtsev ( Sergei Muromzev; Russian Сергей Андреевич Муромцев; * 23 Septemberjul / October 5 1850greg in Saint Petersburg, .. .. † 4 Oktoberjul / October 17 1910greg in Moscow) was a Russian legal scholars and university teachers. He was chairman of the first State Duma in Tsarist Russia ( 1906).

Life

He was a Russian aristocrat from Tula and the son of Andrei Petrovich Muromtsev (1818-1879) and Anna Kharkov ( 1822-1901 ). In 1867 he began the study of law at the Imperial University of Moscow. After graduation, he went in 1873 to Germany to continue his studies at the University of Göttingen. In 1875, he was finally a lecturer at the University of Moscow.

In the year 1877, Muromtsev habilitation and became Russia's recent law professor and taught Roman law at the Imperial University of Moscow. In the years 1879-1892 he was the editor of the legal journal " Yuridicheskii vestnik ". From 1880 to 1899 he was the chairman of the Moscow law society. In 1884, he was discharged with other colleagues from the university office at Moscow University for political unreliability, as it had spread too liberal ideas.

Thereupon Muromtsev practiced as a lawyer. In 1897 he was elected as a deputy to the Moscow City Council. Later Muromtsev was politically active in various local bodies. In 1903, he was among the founders of the Party of Constitutional Democrats, whose leader he became in 1905 for several years.

During the democratization movement in the Russian Empire of Tsar Nicholas II, he was elected on May 10, 1906 chairman of the first State Duma in Tsarist Russia, founded in April, but was disbanded already on 21 July 1906. Muromtsev opposed this resolution, and wrote the " Vyborg Appeal", which is why he went to jail for three months in 1907. Subsequently, he was not allowed to engage in political activity, but was reappointed as professor of law at the University of Moscow.

Muromtsev is regarded as the author of the first democratic constitution.

He was friends with the lawyers and later also Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov politically active, father of the writer Vladimir Nabokov. This was also a member of the party " Constitutional Democrats ". Shortly before his death, Muromtsev held on in the autumn of 1910 together with the family Nabokov in Bad Kissingen. A few days later he died. He was ( according to today's Gregorian calendar) buried at the Donskoy Cemetery in Moscow on 20 October 1910. Today Muromtsev is largely forgotten, even in Russia. But on the day of his funeral, hundreds of thousands came to his grave at that time. His name stood for constitutional and fight for freedom and for the victory of justice.

His niece Vera Muromzewa was with the Russian writer Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin (1870-1953) married.

Works (selection)

• The civil law of ancient Rome. Lessons. Moscow 1883
• Positivism