Sewing

When sewing is defined as the joining of materials by a seam. It is one of the oldest craft activities, which was developed at an early stage and in the course of human history played an important role. To date, a variety of different sewing methods has been developed.

Today in DIN 61400 stitching is defined as the process in which one or more threads are led through the fabric, the filaments are entangled with each other or with a fabric. Similar techniques, such as the needling during tufting or warp knitting technology ( sewing stitch formation ) is not referred to as sewing.

By sewing up two-dimensional materials can connect, especially fabric, leather, paper and paperboard, as well as films and sheets, optionally in combination with one another and to many different uses. However, the single most important field of application for suturing method, the textile industry. Almost all fabrics are sewn.

In a figurative sense also includes links stringless material, such as adhesive seams and welds to the seams.

General

In the textile and leather industry with sewing machines sewing is now the standard method for connecting the individual parts into a finished product. Even though parts were previously glued together, they maintain a constant connection usually only by an additional suture. This can be tuned by the selection of Yarn and by the corresponding stitch exactly on the desired properties.

Seams are generally considered very stable and resilient. For example, they can be used at transitions between elastic and inelastic tissue. You can also combine different types of materials ( leather with fabric or leather with metal ). The application areas are widely dispersed. In Mali mover driving, a special textile processes, sewing is not used to connect multiple Textile, but for making a textile itself

Seams can later be relatively easy to solve or correct again.

Number of filaments

In the artisanal sense, the sewing is done with a sewing needle with only one thread. However, the simultaneous use of multiple needles, on a seam is possible. On a sewing machine stitching usually arises from two threads on top and bobbin thread ( sewing thread ).

A special form of sewing on a sewing machine is the chain stitch, with only a thread with the material to be processed is crocheted. Prepared by this method seams can be separated easily again later.

Double seams like that on jeans and overlock seams, often in knit / jersey, and the mechanical edging of carpet (ground ) - edges are also manufactured with more than two threads and textile cover an edge against fraying from. As a felled seam is called seams that are already sewn connections again ( folded ) with multiple threads sew, to increase the durability.

By the use of multiple filaments, the suture tie may be designed so stable that the total loading capacity of the joint exceeds that of the substance, so that the seam is stronger than the material itself, however, can also be achieved by the use of more stable filaments or wire filaments. The stability of the compound depends on many factors.

Weld shapes

Due to the two-dimensional nature of the substance can generally only two kinds of seams distinguished: Overlapped seams and "push -push " seams. Craftsman speak with overlapped seams of Stitching, whereas the end-to - shock -stitching is called sewing. The Stitching can be done one or more times.

Overlap

Overlapped by sewn seams occur when the material laid in overlapping and then with the thread " stitched " is. They are basically durable than shock - to-edge designs and also tend to be easier to manufacture. Their durability can be increased by the overlap width and number of overlaps and the number of suture lines and stitches, with yarn tension and yarn count are major factors. However, they are thicker at the joints than the parts to be joined, which can make itself disturbing. The classic double overlapped, particularly durable seam, the lateral flat seam that is designed into each other twice taken eg trousers. By wrapping the respective ends of the fabric edges are protected and the flick of a substance prevents the possibility of being able to pull out threads from the fabric composite.

Shock - to-end

End-to - shock - seam construction ( flat seams ) are characterized by their low seam thickness and are therefore considered very high quality. Here usually multi-needle machines come with top cover thread and small stitch lengths are used. The leadership of the material must be precise since the distance of the seam lines for mass end is crucial. Thin, single-surface fabric has a stable edge for guiding along a medial edge guide. So here both fabric ends are often curtailed during the sewing of a good einjustierten Edge trimming in order to sew the now defined below the presser foot cut edges precisely.

A special form of flat suture is the hinge joint. It is sewn overlapped, but in this case the amount of thread as accurately placed that they " opened " no longer has any overlap.

Special types of seams

• Wiener stitching of blouses and jackets
• Salzburg plate on leather pants
• Grochet on jackets, coats and women's jackets
• Tuck (clothing)
• Hem (textile)

Seam types

Seam types include ( hand and machine stitching ):

• Blind stitch,
• Fell seam,
• Whipping,
• Chain stitch,
• Buttonhole stitch,
• Paspelnaht,
• Pikierstich,
• Saddle stitching,
• Schlingstich,
• Safety stitching,
• Mirror seam,
• Lockstitch,
• Cover seam,
• Overlock stitch ( overlock )
• Delay seam,
• Zig -zag stitching.

In addition Skinning ( leather seams ): Performance of seam, seam Polish, Polish jagged seam, butt weld, compression suture.

• Furrier seams

Polish jagged seam

Appearance seam

Needling

Stop seam

Delay seam

Basting

Pikiernaht and Snood

Fur sewing machine seam

Sewing box

Sewing accessories such as buttons, scissors, needles, threader and different colored yarns and threads, etc., are often kept in a sewing box, so that they are easier to locate.

The phrase " Under the Covers chat " means something or tell someone to do something accessible, the hidden otherwise it would remain so " provide insight into the sewing box ". In Fontane's novel Effi Briest society this term is taken up and replaced by his literary character. In Effi Nähkasten a packet of letters is found that reveals Effi over six years past extramarital relationship with a major. Effi's husband kills the Major in a duel, repudiates his wife and forbids her to deal with her ​​own daughter.

Sewing Table

The sewing table is a table or occasional furniture that serves the sewing and usually contains a drawer or compartment for sewing accessories. Part of the tray opens by folding or moving the cover of the sewing table.

The sewing table was already known in the Biedermeier period.

After the dissemination of the sewing machine made ​​sewing tables the size and amount are usually designed so that a sewing machine will fit it. When sewing tables, which are made by machine manufacturers, the sewing machine can be partly sunk into the piece of furniture.