Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi

Shihab al-Din Yahya Suhrawardi (Persian شهاب الدين يحيى سهروردي, DMG Šihāb ad -Din Yahya Suhravardī; * 1153 in Suhr Award in the Persian province of Zanjan, † 1191 in Aleppo ), an Iranian philosopher and mystic was (see Sufism ). He is often al - maqtul ( the deceased ) named so as not to confuse him with the other two Suhrawardis, which played a decisive role in the formation of Sufi orders and the systematization of mystical teachings. His followers call him Sheikh al- ischraq (Master of enlightenment).

Life

After initial studies Suhrawardi runs through the central regions of Islam. Attracted by the Ayyubid ruler promotes az- Zahir Ghazi, the Sufis and scholars, he finally settled in Aleppo. He achieved early age a high profile through his mystical- philosophical thoughts which he writes down in unbroken succession in Arabic and Persian. He sometimes uses a philosophical style, other writings he written in the form of parables.

Teaching

Suhrawardi regarded as the "Master of the philosophy of enlightenment." His teachings about the light he discussed theology in almost fifty different works; here he describes the nature of God as the scattered everywhere in his creation of light. It can be at this teaching influences and at the same time recognize criticism of the peripatetic philosophy and Avicenna. Also, elements of Greek philosophy, hermetic philosophy, the wisdom of ancient Egypt and Iran can be identified.

Death

Of the ecclesiastical jurists ( faqih ) in Aleppo, the young mystic philosopher Suhrawardi is greatly feared. This can ultimately the ruler of az- Zahir Ghazi convince with the help of his father Saladin assume that Suhrawardi was a dangerous person. He is then captured and (hence his nickname the deceased ) executed at the age of 38 years in prison.

Heritage

The philosophy Suhrawardis is later taken over mainly by Shia philosophers. In this way, it represents the late Middle Ages an important element in the Persian philosophical tradition dar. Mullah Sadra of Shiraz for example, is deeply influenced by Suhrawardis ideas.

Persians, who later emigrate to India, take the philosophy of enlightenment and teach them there in the Indian mystic circles. Large portions of this influence can be seen for example in the Orthodox mystic Mir Damad in the 18th century that equates God with light.

Works

Suhrawardis most important works are:

• Hikmat al - ischraq (philosophy of enlightenment ) Al Suhrawardi: philosophy of enlightenment. Publisher: Nicolai Sinai, publisher of World Religions, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-458-70032-6.