Shahrizor

Shah Razor ( Ottoman Turkish: Very -i Zor, also: Shahr -a Zor Sherizor, Sharazor ) is the name of a landscape in Kurdistan on the border of Iran and Iraq. It lies west of the Hawramangebirges and is about 60 by 40 km across.

Throughout history, Shah Razor was a Sassanian district, a Kurdish Kingdom, an Ottoman vilayet and finally a Sanjak of Mosul vilayet.

The level of Shah Razor is a sacred and holy area for the Ahl -e Haqq. According to their faith, God will descend on the Day of Judgment there.

Etymology

The name Shah Razor consists of two words: Hoe or Shahr for country, region or city and Zor, the different meanings such as power, difficulty, and too much generosity has and perhaps the Arabized form of the word Jor ( above). After Yaqut al - Hamawi al- Rumi, a geographer of the 12th century, the word comes from the son Zahaks named Zor Zor, is said to have founded just this city, from. It is worth mentioning that ancient legends see the Kurds as descendants of the people from the Kingdom Zahaks.

History

The presence of many tumuli and Tells testifies to the long history of damage Razors. In Assyrian times here was probably the kingdom Zamua.

Sassanid period

Shah Razor and his king Yazdan Kard mentioned in the Karnamak -e Ardashir of the first Sassanid king Ardashir I, and also in an inscription Narsehs in Garmian. In the 4th century, some residents Razors Shah, who had converted to Christianity, was sentenced to death by the Sassanids. Among the victims were the bishop Schahdost Schahrazori and his 128 followers.

In the year 627 Razor Shah was attacked by Emperor Heraclius and remained until 639 under Byzantine rule.

Arab conquest

In the year 642 was Shah Razor witness a great battle between the residents and the incident Arab Muslims, who wanted to conquer the Sassanid Empire. Despite heavy losses, the Arabs took in a 643 Shah Razor.

In the classical context, and especially among the Sassanids Shah Razor region comprised the present-day Iraqi governorates As- Sulaymaniyah, Kirkuk and parts Diyalas. Capital was Shah Razor, which was located near Sulaymaniyah.

Local dynasties

It is reported that in the region between the 11th and the 16th century was a Kurdish principality. Its capital was Yassin Tepe.

After Yaqut al - Hamawi al- Rumi was the Shah Razor region between Arbil in the west and in the east of Hamadan, and included many cities, towns and villages. He says that the inhabitants are all Kurds, who are rebellious against the Sultan and its territory govern itself.

Shah Razor was the first capital Ardalans. The region was later under the rule of Babanfürstentums, which was an important medieval principality.

Ottoman period

To the 16th century was the Vilayet Shah Razor with Kirkuk as a center under Sultan Suleiman part of the Ottoman Empire. The Vilayet consisted of the three present-day provinces of As- Sulaymaniyah, Kirkuk and Arbil.

1879, the territory was separated to Sulaymaniyah from the Vilayet Shah Razor and the rest as part of the Sanjak of Mosul vilayets. 1894, the capital of the Sanjak was renamed in Kirkuk to prevent confusion with the sanjak of Zor vilayets of Damascus.

Iraqi rule

In the 20th century, the Iraqi government formed the governorate of Kirkuk, which included only the region around Kirkuk and Arbil and Sulaymaniyah so excluded. Under the Baathregime the governorate of Kirkuk was Arabized and Saddam Hussein separated by Kurds inhabited cities of the province from. He changes the name of the government to At- Tamim, which translates as State property means.

Modern Shah Razor

In today's usage Shah Razor refers to the level of Halabja between Sulaymaniyah and Darbandikhan. Under the Sassanids Shah Razor region did not coincide with today's provinces of Arbil and Kirkuk. At the time it was one of the five provinces of the satrapy of Medes.