Side valley

As a side valley (also side-valley ) is called a mountain valley which opens approximately transverse to the valley of a much larger water flow. In most cases, the main valley on each side several side valleys in intervals of 5 to 20 km, which are often arranged approximately parallel.

In terms of the classical flow atomic number have strong main valleys of the type of a longitudinal valley usually the order {2 } or { 3}, their valleys, therefore, the order {3 } or { 4}. To determine: A river which opens into the open sea is of order {1 }; it is referred to a large catchment area than electricity. The largest rivers of Central Europe are the Danube, Elbe, Oder, Rhine and Rhone.

For use of language: The tributaries of these rivers are 1st order ia not referred to as valleys - on the one hand because of their often considerable width, on the other hand, because they open usually at a shallow angle ( similar flow direction as the flow ). Side valleys 2nd order, there are at most in the upper reaches of a stream, where the mouth angle can exceed 45 °.

  • 2.1 valley definition

Some examples

The Danube River Basin

The Danube { 1} has at most in the highlands significant side valleys {2 }: Krems, Gunz, Lauchert

  • Inn { 2} with large side valleys {3 }: for example, Ziller, Achen valley, Ötztal, Stanzertal, Val Bernina Salzach { 3} with southern slopes of valleys {4 }: Gastein, Rauris, Kaprun, Stubach, Habachtal etc.
  • Wipptal { 3} with small side valleys {4 }: Stubai, Viggen, Gschnitztal

The Rhine catchment

The Rhine itself { 1} except the Lahn only in the upper reaches of some distinct valleys {2 }: Prätigau, Rabiusa, Vals Rhine

  • The Neckar { 2} However, already in the Hill Country: Jagst, Enz, Rems, etc.
  • The Aare { 2} as early as the middle reaches: Emme { 3}, Simmental, Lauterbrunnen, etc. Emmental {3 } already largely: Bigental { 4}, Unterfrittenbach, Dürr ditch

Geomorphology and climate

Tributary - Definition

The geomorphology knows a simple way to classify the valley shape of inflows: the deflection of the contour lines. As a side valley can, for example, each valley shape are defined at which evade the contours from the main valley by at least 1 km laterally. This divorce in the mountains, for example, all steep ditches in the valley sides. When prevalence of hanging valleys of the value may be reduced or measured at a higher altitude.

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