Simon Pullman
Simon Pullman ( * February 15, 1890 in Warsaw; † August 1942 in Treblinka ) was a Polish violinist, orchestra founder, conductor and teacher of violin, viola and chamber music.
Life
Born in Warsaw, Simon Pullman received his first musical training from Heinrich Heller and then at the Conservatory in St. Petersburg with Leopold Auer ( 1905-1909 ). From 1910 he was himself working as a violin teacher in Warsaw, but in 1913 began his studies with Martin Pierre Marsick still at the Conservatoire in Paris continued. From 1905, he has performed in Poland, Russia and finally in France. After returning to his native city, Pullman made as founder and director of a chamber orchestra (1915-1920) and a string quartet a name.
In 1921 he moved to Vienna, where he taught at the New Vienna Conservatory violin, viola and chamber music, the latter with particular success. His students included among others about the siblings Galimir, Richard Goldner and Theo Salzman.
1931 founded Pullman finally back its own chamber orchestra, in which some of his students found experience and performance opportunities. With this, he played more or less regularly in the spring season concerts whose programs usually a juxtaposition of old and new included, including some premieres or premieres. Special appearances by the Pullman orchestra there were about as accompaniment for Bronislaw Huberman in two joint concerts with Erica Morini beginning May 1935 or at Huberman's farewell concert in Vienna before an extended world tour in February 1937.
After the reorganization of the orchestra mid-1937 came - early February 1938 - only a concert about. In the course of the seizure of power by the Nazis in Vienna in March 1938 lost Simon Pullman, who was in 1928 resigned from the Jewish community, its function at the New Vienna Conservatory.
Forced to emigrate, he fled first to Paris, but a visit to Warsaw in the summer of 1939, he and his wife undoing. Surprised by the attack of the German troops invaded Poland, both were arrested after the establishment of the Warsaw ghetto by the Nazis there. In addition to the orchestra founders Marian Neuteich and Adam Furmanski he supervised from the beginning of 1941, the Jewish Symphony Orchestra and a chamber orchestra and was soon considered one of the most important musicians in the ghetto. But the concerts of the Symphony Orchestra found in April 1942 by a performance ban an abrupt end. As of July 22, 1942 the ghetto including the musicians of the Symphony Orchestra and Simon Pullman with his wife in the Treblinka extermination camp was largely evacuated and deported within a few weeks, around 400,000 Jews to extermination camps.
Musical heritage Pullman is mainly found even among his students Felix Galimir and Richard Goldner, whose Musica Viva orchestra 's founding in Australia ( 1945) was initially dedicated directly to the former teacher and friend.