Sliding door

A sliding door is a door that is opened by horizontal pushing.

• 2.1 building
• 2.2 Vehicles

Design principle

A sliding door consists of one or more door leaves which are guided up and down, and therefore open to the side, but not open. A special form of the sliding bi-fold door can be seen.

The following design principles are possible:

The opening and closing can be done manually or by actuators (electric, hydraulic or pneumatic). For locking and unlocking is achieved by special sets of sliding door fittings, which also heat-and wind-resistant construction is possible. See also: Slide Doors

Classification according to EN 1527

The European Standard EN 1527:1998 Building hardware - Hardware for sliding doors and folding doors - Requirements and test methods ( engl. Building hardware - Hardware for sliding doors and folding doors ) regulates basic criteria to be met by sliding doors in the building industry:

• Type of door ( 8th digit class code): Class 1 = sliding door
• Class 2 and 3 = Folding

In addition, it assigns classes for the opening and closing qualities:

• Initial friction: 3 classes - give statements about the force that is required to move the door - depending on the mass class
• Duration of Functioning: 6 classes 2500-100000 cycles in which the door can be inserted smoothly.

Areas of application

Building

Sliding doors have swing doors against the advantage that the weight is not one-sided attacks on a fishing, but can be added above or below. Therefore, sliding doors are suitable for heavy doors. They also need a place in the forward direction, but to the side.

Folding doors are used as component used where the whipping is disruptive or where opening dimensions that go beyond a classic double door, such as a room divider as the traditional Shoji Japanese architecture.

Disadvantageous effect on the one hand the much more elaborate architectural hardware from, especially if it is particularly but fire is / fire doors to dense exterior doors, as well as the almost always present in lower running or guide rails, which can if exalted listed act, disturbing, if sunk, due to are of any pollution maintenance.

In furniture includes sliding doors to the classical repertoire, from simple wooden or glass blades in the slots, up to - according to his front doors - roll systems for cabinet walls.

Rolling stock

In vehicle is estimated that all the doors have no explicit list. Therefore, they are for example in vans and on public transport ( trolleybus, tram) used - where the door use the driver usually has no direct line of sight to the door - because the risk of entrapment of a passenger is comparatively low. In addition, refer to vehicles but the less technically complex swing-wing doors use.

Pneumatically operated pocket doors have been used in 1927 in the ET 165 of the Berlin S-Bahn. They are reset relative to the outer wall and sliding in the opening in a pocket of the door opening. There are also external doors, especially in freight cars, but also in suburban and underground railways, for example, in the 270 series of the Berlin S-Bahn. The currently prevailing in coaches type is the swinging-sliding door, which in the closed condition flush with the exterior wall. First, at the opening moves to the outside and is then shifted to one side. Sliding doors can also be made pressure-tight; partly they move to lock vertically ( then referred to as a vertical pivot sliding door). Sliding doors can also be found in the automotive industry, such as the VW bus.

History

Sliding doors can already be detected in Roman houses of the 1st century AD, have as excavations in the Italian Pompeii result.