Southeast Rügen Biosphere Reserve

The Southeast Rügen Biosphere Reserve is a biosphere reserve in the state of Mecklenburg -Vorpommern, the the southeast of the island of Rügen (including Granitz and Moenchgut ), the Bodden waters ( Rügischer Bodden ) between Putbus and Thiessow, the outer coasts between Thiessow and Binz and includes the island of Vilm.

In the biosphere reserve all landscaping and coastal features of the Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Coastal Areas find the smallest space. Deep interlocked here is the land with the sea. On one hand, peninsulas and promontories are connected by narrow strip of land, on the other hand, they are separated by Bodden and Wieken. Here you will find sandy, wide sandy beaches and rugged cliffs, at whose feet are imposing Cliff Block beaches. Width reeds lining the banks. Beech forests or neglected grassland characterize Endmoränenstandorte and meadows and pastures, the resulting post-glacial valleys. On cultural features of example, there are megalithic tombs of the Neolithic, Bronze Age burial mounds, medieval churches and village structures and the resort architecture to the modern day.

It was designated 1990 as part of the National Park Biosphere Reserve program of the GDR.

• Area: 235 km ²
• Species richness ( among other things) Great importance as a resting and breeding area for migratory birds. Mainly different species of geese ( gray, seeds and white-fronted goose )
• Bee species: for example fur, furrow and cone bees, gold and wasps.
• Seaweed, red and green algae stocks in the coastal areas of the Bay of Greifswald are spawning area of ​​the Baltic herring.

Biosphere Reserve several core areas include (total reserves ). This includes the area of lying in the Granitz Black Lake and the island of Vilm and parts of the peninsulas Möchgut and Zicker.

From 1995 to 2009, the Biosphere Reserve received support under the large-scale conservation project Ostrügensche lagoon area, which was completed in May 2009.

Since a biosphere reserve must include at least 30,000 hectares, is worked on a territorial enlargement around the Jasmund after detection of this defect by the UNESCO evaluation 2005.

Since 2008, a management and development plan will be developed.

Nature Reserves

The seven nature reserves cover an area of ​​4084 hectares.

• Goor - Muglitz (142 ha)
• Granitz ( 1162 ha)
• Vilm (171 ha)
• Moenchgut ( 2320 ha)
• Neuensiener and Lake Sellin (213 ha)
• Source swamp goats stones in bulk Stresow (4 ha)
• Wreechener lake (72 ha)

Formation

Rügen is considered geologically, a very young island whose coastline is also today still constantly changing. For the emergence of complaints, the glaciers of the Vistula glaciation were essentially crucial that advanced from Scandinavia to the south. About 10,000 years ago after the last ice the Vistula Ice Age receded and the Baltic Sea by a significantly higher water level than did today, sticking single island groups consisting of the islands Wittow Jasmund, Moenchgut and Granitz, up from the Baltic Sea. The Moenchgut Peninsula was formed by these glacier advances and the subsequent development of the Baltic Sea and its coastal dynamic processes (wind and water). While in the area we now lagoons and spits were still large Toteisblöcke, intermediate columns were filled with meltwater sands with different thickness. Spits are widely curved, narrow, mostly sandy strip of land that separate a shallower part of the sea from the open water. " Fissure fillings " remained after the melting of the ice back in full form. Essentially this today, more or less elongated hills consist of layered fine-grained sands. The sands are often covered by a patchy low mighty moraine. Boulder clay has been pressed at irregular intervals in the underlying fine sand. Boulder clay is deposited as ground moraine, vice -coated and offset with blocks and boulders sediment. This glacial till is calcareous in general. Today, the Moenchgut is marked by a characteristic change of relief rich island seeds and spits. For example, the " Beacon Hill " with 66 m the highest elevation of the island core. With 43- 45m the NordPerd and Zickersche Hoeft have the highest cliffs in the area. Natural watercourses are missing altogether. Small areas there are small flow Moore and Gross Zicker also hillside moors.

Typical animals and plants

• Willow Magerrasen: cowslip (Primula veris ), Campion ( Silene viscaria ), dovetail
• Steppes - dry grasslands: mountain - hair strand ( Peucedanum oreoselinum ) bellflower (Campanula persicifolia ), Woodlark
• Gentian Schiller Grass Lawn: Petite Schiller grass ( Koeleria macrantha ), Stiff Eyebright ( Euphrasia stricta ), Western bush-cricket ( Platycleis albopunctata )

Abiotic environmental factors

• Water: The biosphere reserve is located in the rain shadow, so the region is the driest in the whole of Germany. Thus, the plants are exposed to long periods of drought.
• Light: On the Moenchgut peninsula seems measurements after approximately 1900 hours of sunshine per year, as much as anywhere else in Germany. Consequently, the process of photosynthesis is favored.
• Surface: The surface of the biosphere reserve consists of calcareous glacial till. Therefore, the bottom there a high calcium content and is dry and low in nutrients.