St. John's Church, Tallinn
59.43372222222224.745433333333Koordinaten: 59 ° 26 '1 " N, 24 ° 44' 44" O
The Evangelical Lutheran St. John's Church Tallinn, Estonia (Estonian Tallinna Jaani Nicholas' Church ) is located on the eastern side of the Freedom Square ( Vabaduse väljak ), on the outskirts of Tallinn's Old Town. Dating from the second half of the 19th century church in the Gothic Revival style is named after St. John the Evangelist.
History
The original church of the Estonian Evangelical Lutheran congregation of the Tallinn city center was the medieval Holy Ghost Church. She was with more than 14,000 believers become far too small mid-19th century.
1851 began a fundraising campaign to build a Lutheran church right on the edge of the Old Town of Tallinn. The start of construction was delayed but then more than a decade.
Owner of St. John's Church was the Tallinn City Council. The Tallinn Domgilde set free a piece of land outside the city walls at the old city moat available. The land proved not to be ideal, as the ground is soft there. For the foundation of numerous oak logs had to be driven into the ground.
On September 8, 1862, the 1,000 anniversary of the founding of the Russian Empire, to which Estonia belonged at that time, the foundation was laid for the house of God. Seven years later the church was completed.
On the 3rd of Advent 1867, December 17, St John's Church was consecrated. The new congregation had at its founding numerous donations: a bell, altar candlesticks, chandeliers, a baptismal font and a valuable cup.
The choice of the name dates to the early church pastor Theodor Dietrich Wittgenstein Luther (1812-1869), back. He was the son of the influential Older 's Great Guild, Dietrich Martin Luther ( 1772-1861 ).
Construction
The Tallinn St. John's Church is one of the earliest buildings of the Gothic Revival in the area of present-day Estonia. It was designed by the Estonian governorates architects and native Tallinn Christoph August Gabler ( 1820-1884 ). The work was guided by the Steimetz Carl Sense mountain.
The building is kept in a warm light yellow. Adjoining the three-aisled basilica with its high nave and the clerestory to the west by a square tower with a tent roof. To the east is the rather small polygonal choir. To the north lies the spacious vestibule, in the south of the relatively large sacristy.
Inside, the pointed arches give the building a Gothic appearance. Characteristic are also the round rosettes over the main entrance and vestibule.
Interior
The darkened altar is the work of the Master F. Kühne. The Altar "Christ on the Cross " from 1867 is from the St. Petersburg painter Karl Gottlieb Wenig ( 1830-1894 ). The pulpit is a masterpiece work of GJ Moikow. It is topped by a sounding board of the master carver F. Sporleder.
The first organ of the church came from the Estonian organ builder Gustav Normann. It was between 1911 and 1913 completely redesigned from the Orgelmeister August Terkmann and provided with a pneumatic action. From 2005 to 2009 she was extensively renovated by the East Frisian organ builder Martin ter Haseborg. By Martin ter Haseborg the new organ was in the choir.
The modern stained glass windows of St. John's Church are the work of the Estonian artist Eva - Aet Jänes ( b. 1942 ).
Liberty Square
Little happy was the course of the urban integration of the church. The Liberty Square received its current appearance in the 1930s. There is dominated by elements of functionalism and art deco. The neo-Gothic St. John's Church by comparison is misplaced.
In the 1930s and 1950s, there have been plans to demolish the church, as they architecturally now formed a foreign body. The projects were never realized.