Stachys recta
Upright Betony ( Stachys recta )
Called The Upright Betony ( Stachys recta ), also Heide- Betony Stachys or mountain, is a flowering plant in the mint family ( Lamiaceae).
Other names are or were weight loss herb (Bernese Oberland ), bath herb ( Silesia), fleabane ( Alsace ), Beschreikraut ( Henneberg, Schmalkalden ), Flussgesparkraut (Salzburg), vehicle herb ( Linz), member herb Ross nettle, Zeiss herb Zeisgenkraut (Harz, Thuringia, Silesia), Ziess.
Description
The Upright Betony grows as a deciduous, perennial, herbaceous plant, or rarely as a dwarf shrub, reaching heights of growth of usually 25 to 40, rarely up to 70 cm. The strong stem is simple or branched from the bottom of branchy. The green parts are tightly hairy rough or slightly glandular.
From the constantly against the stem arranged leaves are short-stalked, the lower and the upper sitting. The rounded leaf blade is at its base with a length of 2 to 5 cm and a width of 0.5 to 2 cm ovate - spatulate to oblong - lanceolate. The leaf margin of the lower leaves is notched to cut away the top and the more or less smooth.
The flowering period extends from June to October. The flowers sit at sixth to tenth together in Scheinquirlen. Two to five until eight rare Scheinquirle located in a broken, elongated, 1-2 cm long Schei Nourish. There may be very small, bristle-like bracts.
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic with a double perianth. The 5 to 10 cm long calyx is rauhaarig with bare - stachelspitzigen, protruded teeth, with bare, stinging Grannenspitzen. The crown is pale yellow to yellowish-white.
The partial fruits of Klausen are about 2 mm long, round, colored maroon and smooth or very finely punctured.
Ecology
The Upright Betony is a Hemikryptophyt ( stem plant). He wintered by rung, which form on the branched rhizome and then pushed together to develop into several air sprouts. The narrow Runzelblätter and up to 1 m deep root systems are an adaptation to dry habitats. The yellowish- white flowers have a purple Saftmal. They are strictly vormännlich and nectar- rich, but also the pollen attracts insects. Visitors are bees relatives. So you can, for example, watch brown black colored, almost 1 cm wide wild bees of the genus Schlürfbienen ( Rophites ) on the flowers, that rub with her head under the pollen vibrant moves. The spread of Klaus fruit is via the mechanism as animal spreader; processing also spread by birds is possible.
Occurrence
The Upright Ziest comes from Spain prior to Asia Minor and the Caucasus; in a northerly direction the rich deposits to Belgium. He is a sub-Mediterranean Florenelement. In Austria he is in the Pannonian region and in the south often, otherwise scattered to find. In Switzerland it is common in the warmer areas and frequent.
Stachys recta is in the southern limestone Jura Mountains and disseminated to meet up often. In addition, most rarely and deported. The Upright Betony grows on road and field margins, to semi-dry and dry meadows and on rocky slopes. North of the Alps prefers calcareous and moderately dry soil.
System
From upright Ziest there are at least three distinct subspecies:
- Stachys recta L. subsp. recta, with 5-7 mm long calyx, a 5 to 7 mm long flower - lower lip and upper deciduous leaves that are 5 to 20 mm wide and notched or notched - sawed. This subspecies occurs throughout the range.
- Stachys recta subsp. labiosa ( Bertol. ) Briq. (Syn. Stachys labiosa Bertol. ) Long with 7 to 11 mm cup, a 7 to 12 mm long flower - lower lip and upper deciduous leaves that are 7-10 mm wide and notched. This subspecies is found in the Alps, the Apennines and on the Balkan Peninsula.
- Stachys recta subsp. subcrenata ( Vis. ) Briq. ( Syn: . Stachys subcrenata Vis ) long with 7 to 11 mm cup, a 7 to 12 mm long flower - lower lip and upper deciduous leaves that are notched only 1-6 mm wide, entire or only weakly. This subspecies occurs in southeastern Europe.
Use as a medicinal plant
In ancient times, this plant should have been used as " Sideritis " for various purposes, medicinal and magical. In particular, they should also have served the cure of cutting and stabbing wounds. Gladiators in the Roman Empire should have worn the plant as an amulet. In Eastern Europe, the plant is used after boiling for bathing the children, to protect them against various diseases, but also against " magical effects ".