Standard wire gauge
Imperial Standard Wire Gauge, a standard wire gauge introduced abbreviated SWG, further development of the Birmingham Wire Gauge ( BWG), is a British coding for solid wire and is set in the outdated Standard BS 3737:1964.
The growing regional and international trade with wires and cables forced Britain end of the 19th century, until then in use to unify about 40 different gauge systems for solid wire. Until then were mispurchases due to different gauge coding systems and differing encoding tables on the agenda. Especially after the continental rivals France and Germany had agreed on measures for wires according to the metric system, a uniform coding table was urgent.
The British Board of Trade sought in consultation with manufacturers and umbrella organizations for a solution.
First, the widespread Birmingham Wire Gauge ( BWG) from ' Warden of the standard ' for its suitability was investigated. It is the BWG to an empirically developed gauge system, whose origin lies too far in the past to be determined can. It has been speculated that the gauge numbers from 1 up originally was a reduction in the cross-sectional area of 20 percent based. Were later, the former assumption, the wire cross-sections for reasons of practicality during manufacture or been changed because of the demands of the markets. They also realized that it is not a reference list for BWG were, as today, but manufacturers and retailers had adapted the lists for their needs and thus more or less different wire diameters were traded under the same BWG gauge number. Even 1877 was therefore clear that the BWG was not a standard.
In 1879, a committee of the British Society of Telegraph Engineers devoted select the object, a gauge system as a standard system. The task was difficult, because there is no region is a single gauge system had been able to prevail. At the end of the process, the committee suggested the relatively uncommon Latimer Clark's Wire Gauge, which was not developed until 1867. It is based on a constant percentage change in diameter, such as the American Wire Gauge ( AWG ), but the gradation as well as the diameters were chosen so that the gauge numbers were similar to those of the Austrian Banking Act.
After consultation with manufacturers and the Board of Trade a significantly improved Birmingham Wire Gauge was on August 23, 1883 by Order of Council under the name " Standard Wire Gauge" and was introduced in the United Kingdom since March 1, 1884 official measure of wire diameter.
This new measure system for wires voted in only 1 Gauge SWG in line with the diameter of 1 Gauge BWG. To the next gauge number, the wire cross-section changed in steps of about 20 percent. Deviations from this percentage are due to the drawing step during production. The base of the SWG represents the length dimension mil, which "corresponds. , The smallest diameter were even to 0.0001 " 0.001 precisely defined.
At the time of adoption, there was in the United States still has no state fixed gauge system for wires. The new British Standard Wire Gauge was discussed there, but ultimately, the Congress wrote in March 1893 before any gauge system for metal wire. Over time there, the American Wire Gauge for ferrous metal wires, eg for electric lines, and the U.S. Steel Wire Gauge ( Washburn & Moen Gauge) scheduled for steel wires through.
SWG was replaced by the metric measurements based on standard BS 6722:1986 in 1986.
The largest number of wire with the label 7/0 gauge SWG has a diameter of 0.5 " (12.7 mm), the minimum wire diameter of the label 50 has a diameter of 1 mil (25.4 microns ). The weight loss per unit length between two adjacent wire diameters is about 20 %, the ratio of two adjacent v diameter is reduced by approximately 10.6 % per level according to the following equation:
The table of concrete wire diameter in the SWG system is: