Steady State theory

The steady-state theory (equilibrium theory) was developed in the late 1940s by the astronomer Fred Hoyle, Hermann Bondi and Thomas Gold as an alternative to the Big Bang theory and presented in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society of the scientific community in 1948. In this theory, the universe is expanding, although the density of the matter, however, does not change, because homogeneous always created throughout the room new matter.

Problems

Problems with the steady-state theory appeared for the first time on in the late 1960s, when observations supported the assumption that the galaxies change over cosmological time periods. Quasars and radio galaxies were found only in distant galaxies. This contradicts the core idea of ​​the steady-state theory, the universe would see at all times the same.

Most cosmologists see the steady-state theory due to the discovery of the background radiation in 1965, which had been predicted by the Big Bang theory as refuted. Stephen Hawking said that the discovery of the microwave background and the assumption that this was to bring in conjunction with the Big Bang, the last nail was in the coffin of the steady-state theory. In the steady-state theory of the microwave background is the result of light old star that has been scattered by dust clouds. Nevertheless, this theory has the most cosmologists not convinced, as the microwave background is very uniform, which point sources can be unlikely. In addition, the microwave background shows no polarization, which normally is but a consequence of light scattering. In addition, its spectrum is so close to that of an ideal black body that it can only have been difficult by the superposition of radiation of different dust clouds at different temperatures at different redshifts. Today's precision measurements of the radiation, together with the results of sky surveys, confirm this

Since that time, the Big Bang theory is regarded as the best theory to describe the origin of the universe. In most astrophysical publications, the Big Bang theory is assumed as the origin of the universe and used as a basis for more complex theories.

New Developments

1993 tried Hoyle, Geoffrey Burbidge and Jayant V. Narlikar to revive the theory again. They set up the thesis that the creation of new matter takes place in steps or jumps, which are referred to as "mini- bangs " or " mini- creation events ". The mini -Bangs could be so-called white holes, which are fed through wormholes of "Black Holes" that have arisen in another space-time. In such a cosmology model a first cause is not excluded, but not a must. The universe created over and over again, which is also an explanation for the fact that in physical equations, the time has no direction course over all periods of time. However, the new variant from the majority of the scientific community is rejected.

Endnotes

• F. Hoyle, G. Burbidge, J. V. Narlikar, " Astrophysical deductions from the quasi- steady state cosmology ". Mon distress. R. Astron. Soc., 267, 1007-1019, 1994 ( citation search. ) F. Hoyle, G. Burbidge, J. V. Narlikar, " Astrophysical deductions from the quasi- steady state: Erratum ". Mon distress. R. Astron. Soc., 269, 1152, 08/ 1994.

• F. Hoyle, G. Burbidge, J. V. Narlikar, "Note on a Comment by Edward L. Wright ". astro-ph/9412045, Astrophysics, abstract. 14 December 1994.