Stephania

Stephania delavayi Diels

Stephania is a plant genus of the family of Moon seed plants ( Menispermaceae ).

  • 5.1 Notes and references

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Stephania species grow as climbing woody or herbaceous plants ( lianas ). Are formed bulbous roots, which are sometimes seen above the ground. The are somewhat twining. The alternate and spirally arranged leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The often very long petioles swollen at both ends. The herbaceous, rarely membranous or slightly leathery leaf blades are simple, more or less deltoid or Peltatum and pinnately. The leaf margin is smooth. Stipules absent.

Generative features

Stephania species are dioecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( dioecious ). Constantly page or on branches, rarely out of the tribe developing initially umbel- like, zymöse, sometimes or rarely kopfige thyrsoide inflorescences.

The usually stalked, unisexual flowers are usually small, inconspicuous and three-to fourfold. The male flowers have: usually two, rarely a symmetrical circle of three or four sepals that have grown more than at the base; four or four petals in mostly one, rarely two circles or rarely absent; There are usually four (two to six) fertile stamens present, which are fused with the petals. The female flowers have: each a symmetrical circle from three to four sepals and petals or asymmetric one (or two ) sepals and two ( or three) petals, the petals green, can be yellow or white; an almost egg-shaped, free carpel; Staminodes absent. Of the two ovules, only one developed.

The red or orange - red ripening stone fruit is nearly spherical, 4-6 mm long and somewhat flattened on both sides with scars of the stylus at its base. The horseshoe- shaped seeds have a fleshy endosperm and a horseshoe-shaped embryo.

The base chromosome numbers determined for only a few species have n = 11, 12, 13

Dissemination

They thrive from the tropics to the subtropics. Most of the approximately 60 species occur in tropical Asia. Some species in Africa there are a few in Oceania. In China, 37 species occur, of which 30 are only there.

System

The genus Stephania belongs to the tribe Menispermae in the family of Moon seed plants ( Menispermaceae ). The valid first release comes from João de Loureiro in Flora cochinchinensis, Volume 2, 598, 608, 1790. A homonym is Stephania Willd. published in Species Plantarum, Editio quarta, 2, 1, 1799, pp. 239 synonyms are Clypea Flower, Echinostephia ( Diels ) Domin, Perichasma Miers. The genus name honors the German Stephania - Russian botanist Christian Friedrich Stephan ( 1757-1814 ).

There are about 60 species (selection):

  • Stephania abyssinica ( Quart. -Dill. & A.Rich. ) Walp.
  • Stephania bancroftii F.M.Bailey
  • Stephania brachyandra Diels
  • Stephania brevipedunculata C.Y.Wu & D.D.Tao
  • Stephania cephalantha Hayata
  • Stephania chingtungensis H.S.Lo
  • Stephamia corymbosa (Blume ) Walp.
  • Stephania delavayi Diels
  • Stephania dentifolia H.S.Lo & M.Yang
  • Stephania dicentrinifera H.S.Lo & M.Yang
  • Stephania dielsiana Y.C.Wu
  • Stephania Dolichopoda Diels
  • Stephania ebracteata S.Y.Zhao & H.S.Lo
  • Stephania elegans J.D.Hooker & Thomson
  • Stephania Epigaea H.S.Lo
  • Stephania Excentrica H.S.Lo
  • Stephania glabra ( Roxb. ) Miers
  • Stephania gracilenta Miers
  • Stephania hainanensis H.S.Lo & Y.Tsoong
  • Stephania herbacea Gagnepain
  • Stephania intermedia H.S.Lo
  • Stephania japonica ( Thunb. ) Miers
  • Stephania kuinanensis H.S.Lo & M.Yang
  • Stephania kwangsiensis H.S.Lo
  • Stephania lincangensis H.S.Lo & M.Yang
  • Stephania longa Lour.
  • Stephania longipes H.S.Lo
  • Stephania macrantha H.S.Lo & M.Yang
  • Stephania mashanica H.S.Lo & B.N.Chang
  • Stephania merrillii Diels
  • Stephania micrantha H.S.Lo & M.Yang
  • Stephania miyiensis S.Y.Zhao & H.S.Lo
  • Stephania officinarum H.S.Lo & M.Yang
  • Stephania renifolia Forman
  • Stephania rotunda Lour.
  • Stephania sinica Diels
  • Stephania suberosa Forman
  • Stephania subpeltata H.S.Lo
  • Stephania succifera H.S.Lo & Y.Tsoong
  • Stephania sutchuenensis H.S.Lo
  • Stephania tetrandra S.Moore
  • Stephania tuberosa Forman
  • Stephania viridiflavens H.S.Lo & M.Yang
  • Stephania yunnanensis H.S.Lo

Use

They contain over 50 different alkaloids. Drugs from the tuberous roots are used in traditional Chinese medicine and as a local medicine. It is often used as fish poison.

Swell

  • Qiming Hu, Xianrui Luo, Tao Chen & Michael G. Gilbert: Menispermaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 7, 2008, p 15: Stephania - Online. (Section Description, systematics, distribution and use. )
  • B. Richardson, 2008: Stephania in the Western Australian Flora Online. ( Description section )
  • K. Kubitzki, J. G. Rohwer, & V. Bittrich: The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. II Flowering Plants. Dicotyledons - Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid Families, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York:. Springer, 1993 Stephania on page 415.
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