Stomach disease

The stomach as a site of pre-digestion of food can be affected by various diseases. It is alleged that in the course of life over 50 % of the population get at least once a stomach illness.

List of diseases of the stomach

  • Common: upset stomach or gastrointestinal infection ( gastroenteritis)
  • Stomach bleeding from various causes
  • Reflux disease
  • Inflammation of the stomach lining ( gastritis) A gastritis = atrophic ( autoimmune ) gastritis
  • B gastritis = bacterial gastritis by Helicobacter pylori
  • C = chemical gastritis gastritis for example, alcohol and nicotine abuse, and by NSAIDs such as diclofenac or aspirin
  • Stauungsgastritis in severe right heart failure
  • C- gastritis
  • Fundal varices in cirrhosis
  • Ulcers

In animals:

  • Bloat
  • Magentympanie

Methods of investigation

The most productive method of examination of the stomach is the Gastro endoscopy (gastroscopy ). At gastroscopy a HUT test is taken for the detection of Helicobacter colonization often. In addition, targeted biopsies for histological examination are easily possible. The X-ray examination of the stomach, which was operated before the advent of gastroscopy, is today no longer performed routinely, as it produces very uncertain results. Ultrasound examination of the stomach is easily possible, but rarely provides useful results, such as a gastric outlet obstruction or a conspicuous irregular wall thickening. When ultrasound of the pylorus is quite good, other parts such as the cardia hardly assessable. A computed tomography of the stomach is also useful only in exceptional cases. For the determination of Helicobacter bacteria, a respiratory gas test is performed increasingly.

Reflux disease

Almost every second German knows heartburn. The symptoms occur only occasionally, one need do not worry too much usually.

Sometimes you can hide the " reflux disease " behind the heartburn however. Based on their English name ( Esophageale Gastro Reflux Disease ) it is often called GERD. The ongoing " reflux " ( running back ) of acidic gastric juice into the esophagus corroded the delicate lining, leading to inflammation of the esophagus and may promote esophageal cancer. Applies to the treatment of reflux disease today than standard regular intake of drugs from the group of proton pump inhibitors.

  • Gastroesophageal reflux, reflux from the stomach (gaster ) into the gullet ( esophagus), see reflux oesophagitis
  • Extraösophagealer reflux, reflux from the stomach via the esophagus into areas beyond: the larynx, pharynx, nose, sinuses, middle ear, bronchi; see also Laryngitis gastric

Alternatively, the disease is treated surgically: in a so-called Nissen fundoplication, the operator places the lower portion of the esophagus to a sleeve formed from the gastric wall. This operation is now relative risk and complications of minimally invasive performed (laparoscopic fundoplication ).

Inflammation of the stomach lining ( gastritis)

There are two types of gastritis according to the time course: acute and chronic gastritis. Chronic gastritis is for years and makes the patient no complaints. A chronic inflammatory process leads to changes in the mucous membrane and thus to changes in the work of the stomach. Acute gastritis may run suddenly and violently. It occurs nausea, vomiting, bloating, and general weakness and loss of appetite. Striking may be the occurrence of halitosis. In this disease, the proton pump inhibitor can be used in the treatment.

Peptic ulcer (stomach ulcer)

Ulcer in the gastric mucosa, which can penetrate the entire wall of the stomach and lead to perforation of the stomach or gastrointestinal bleeding. An ulcer is caused by the attack of stomach acid to the eg by Helicobacter pylori infection previously damaged gastric mucosa. The treatment of uncomplicated duodenal is the so-called eradication therapy today. The bleeding peptic ulcers are usually treated by means of gastroscopy. Only complicated ulcers, or sores that break through the stomach wall must be treated with surgery.

Gastric carcinoma

Risk factors specific dietary habits, chronic gastritis, cigarette smoke and alcohol consumption are identified. The risk of developing stomach cancer is increased in hereditary taint (which probably related to the hereditary transmission of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori) - there is a 3.7 fold increased risk for first-degree relatives. People with blood group A are more often affected. The cause is unknown. The treatment of gastric cancer is currently mainly surgically.

Alcohol sequelae

As a result of alcoholism caused changes in the gastric mucosa, called portal gastropathy. As a result of changes in the liver leads to changes in the gastric veins. They increase in size and are called " fundal " (see gastric fundus ) refers. The treatment here is abstinence from alcohol, the administration of beta blockers and sclerotherapy with Histoacryl glue.

Benign tumors

The most common benign lesions are so-called glandular cysts and hyperplastic polyps. However, these tumors must be removed endoscopically over a certain size. Currently, the recommendation is for the removal of all lesions greater than 2 cm in diameter, because you can never be sure whether might not yet have developed malignant tissue in the large tumors.

Rare findings

Under rare findings all findings not described above are summarized. As an example may be mentioned angiodysplasias. It is a group of abnormalities of the vessels in the stomach that may occur in the context of congenital ( Osler's disease ) or acquired diseases renal insufficiency.

  • Disease in gastroenterology
  • Disease in visceral surgery
  • Stomach
  • Disease in internal medicine
Dyspepsia Gastric dilatation volvulus Breath test Laryngopharyngeal reflux Nosebleed Chronic kidney disease
539348
de