Streptomyces achromogenes

  • Streptomyces achromogenes subsp. achromogenes
  • Streptomyces achromogenes subsp. rubradiris

Streptomyces achromogenes is a thread-like, immovable, gram- positive and aerobic bacterium of the genus Streptomyces. The type strain of Streptomyces achromogenes subsp. achromogenes (ATCC 12767 ) was in 1953 by Yoshiro Okami and Umezawa Hamao, the discoverer of kanamycin and bleomycin, from garden soil from the Tokyo district of Suginami isolated. Different strains of Streptomyces achromogenes produce a number of substances and enzymes as restriction endonucleases important in medicine as chemotherapeutic agents and molecular biology research.

Morphology and physiology

Streptomyces achromogenes is thready and immobile as well as gram - positive, aerobic, and belongs to risk group 1 can use Streptomyces achromogenes glucose, arabinose, mannitol, fructose, rhamnose and cellulose as carbon sources. It is able to liquefy gelatin, to utilize citrate and produce hydrogen sulfide. In addition, it possesses a urease, a dihydrolase for arginine, a β -galactosidase and ornithine decarboxylase for and lysine, and is positive for the Voges - Proskauer reaction. The optimum temperature for the cultivation is 28 ° C. GYM medium.

Importance

Different strains of Streptomyces achromogenes produce, among other things, the substance used in cancer therapy and in experimental diabetes research because of their beta cell toxicity streptozocin, the antibiotics Sarcidin, Rubradirin and Tomaymycin and the antiviral compound Achromoviromycin. Also used in molecular biology research type II restriction enzymes (EC 3.1.21.4 ) SacI and SacII and SacNI, an isoschizomer to Banll from Bacillus aneurinolyticus come from Streptomyces achromogenes.

Actinobacteria Actinomycetales Streptomycetaceae Species Hamao Umezawa Suginami, Tokyo Biosafety level Voges–Proskauer test American Society for Microbiology Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen
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