Suffix (name)

Name extensions are noted before or after a person's name, a geographical name or a thing adjuncts. The following forms are shown as examples:

  • 2.1 Cities
  • 2.2 Geographical names

People

Among the most important names additions to personal names include the titles of all kinds, the academic degrees and the nickname.

Original origin

Original form of the name of the additive is the origin name as clan affiliation or dwelling place name, ie as the Germanic form syllables -er/-inger, husband, which today is a literally -to-understand equivalent of ( de holl, ten, van, van 't; French de, de l ', du, de la, di ital, del, dello, della, dei, models, since, dal etc., celtic O', Mc ). From the origin of the name of nobility developed.

Even in the 18th century, today's Zweinamigkeit was not yet established in some areas of Europe. Thus, patronymics ( patronymic, eg Petersen ) used in the manner of a " name to" by which changes in each generation: Carl Petersen originally meant " the son of Carl Peter".

The old form syllables and markings are today generally not regarded as a suffix, but as part of the name or as a surname.

Today's accessories are not included in the alphabetical listing in the rule. Then appears as Leyen Ursula von der Leyen, Ursula von der. Scenic or nationally, there may be deviations from it. So you look at the entire last name in Belgium as a unit that is started with a capital letter: Ursula Von der Leyen, with a list of the form: Von der Leyen, Ursula.

Sometimes, often in Roman, both forms occur: da Vinci, de Gaulle, but ( from the Oh → ) Vonderach, Vanderbilt, ( De la Lande → ) Delalande. They are listed and sorted inconsistent: DeBeers - De Beers, DeSoto - De Soto, De'Longhi - DeLonghi etc.

Nordic and Russian patronymic (and mother names) apply as a full name.

Arabic ibn or Jewish / Semitic ben ' son of ' is considered additive. Arabic al ' the' or ad " the " is by inscription in two forms: Alā ʾ ad - Dīn → Aladin, Al - Khwarizmi, Salah ad-Din → Saladin.

Chinese and Korean names are specified by default with the clan name front and sorted afterwards. For example, Mao Zedong ( Mao family, generation Ze Dong personal name ) is as full name filed under M. Historical pseudonyms like Kǒng ( Fū ) Zǐ ( " Master Kong " or " Kong the teacher" ), however, as a closed form sorted ( under K as Confucius ).

Title of nobility

Noble titles are the names of the nobility hierarchy ( Emperor, King, Prince, etc.). They are in addition to the professional title to be understood in the sense of an official title.

The still existing monarchies use both hereditary title of nobility, as well as by awards ( for example, the English Sir), 'functions or as pure distinction. Under German law, they will continue to operate as part of their name since the abolition of the privileges of the nobility with the Weimar Constitution, in Austria they have been banned entirely with the nobility repeal Act 1919 - recognized here are only the allowable foreign securities, including the German name components. In Switzerland ( Confederation old ) title of nobility were banned in 1798. Similar provisions exist in many European as well as non-European former monarchies.

Job Title

A person's name attached additions to names ( official title, abbreviation mandate ) can be written directly in front of or behind the name and are not parts of a name.

  • William Smith, MP - suffix stands for Member of the German Bundestag
  • William Smith Member of Parliament - Member of the State Parliament
  • William Smith MEP - Member of the European Parliament
  • William Smith MdA - Member of the Berlin House of Representatives
  • William Smith MdHB - a member of the Hamburg Parliament
  • William Smith StB - Accountants
  • William Smith WP - Auditors
  • William Smith RA - Lawyer
  • William Smith FA Tax Law - Lawyer with additional qualification in tax law ( specialist lawyer )

In Austria Occupation titles are state awards:

  • HR Smith - Councillor
  • Prof. Smith - Professor
  • Univ.Prof. Smith - University Professor

Even official titles are cited in Austria traditionally, here are the tracks in the order Official Title - Job title - academic degree:

  • Abg.z.NR Smith - Member of the National Doe (also often written with spaces: Abd for NO.)
  • LAbg Dr. HR Smith - Member of Parliament Councilor Dr. Doe

Degrees

Academic degrees and professional designations are not parts of a name.

  • Hans Hansen, B. Sc. - Bachelor of Science
  • Hans Hansen, B. A. - Bachelor of Arts
  • Hans Hansen, B. Eng. - Bachelor of Engineering
  • Hans Hansen, M. Sc. - Master of Science
  • Hans Hansen, M. A. - Master of Arts
  • Hans Hansen, M. Eng. - Master of Engineering
  • Hans Hansen, MBA - Master of Business Administration
  • Dipl. -Ing. Catherine Sander - graduate engineer ( in Austria: DI Catherine Sander )
  • Franz Kraxlhuber, MA - Master of Arts or Master of Arts
  • Smith, LL. M. - originally Legum Magister, now more commonly known as the Master of Laws
  • Dr. John Doe - Promotion
  • Professor is not an academic degree, but an official title. For the sake of respect is often dispensed with a shortcut. This results in about Professor Dr. Doe - professor.
  • Lecturer, in short PD or Priv -Doz., Is also not an academic degree. This designation is a full professorship ahead and often falls off when a call has been accepted to the professor.

Doctoral degree, Order name and artist name are the only additives that are to be entered under German law in the passport and other documents apart from the name on request. In the " zone for the automatic reading " they will not be considered. A claim to address with this degree or the name does not occur in the case of an entry.

Academic degrees are " attached to the name, if such a right is acquired under domestic legislation " according to § 10 paragraph 2 PStG. Entry basis by deed law § 6 para 1-3 Persons Status Ordinance ( PStV ) and the registration guidelines in 2009 the Federal Ministry for Science and Research ( BMWF). Under these provisions, although there is no registration requirement, but there is a legal right to enclose the academic degree to the name and registration in ( civil status ) certificates and other official documents.

According to § 365a paragraph 1 item 3 Trade Regulation and academic professional titles are entered in the commercial register in addition to the academic degree or professional title ( see below).

Engineer

The term engineer is defined in Germany as job title and in Austria as a professional title. The legislation can be found in the engineering laws of the countries ( Germany ) or in a federal law ( Austria ).

Germany: Engineering as a career name, name suffix VDI

Engineers and scientists as well as persons who are authorized in accordance with the German engineering laws to guide the Occupation Engineer, may be ordinary members of the VDI. Only full members of the VDI may put the name of additional VDI directly behind her last name, for example: John Doe VDI.

Austria: Engineering as a professional title

Upon proof of the conditions set (current ) Engineering Act of 2006 ( INGG 2006) are entitled to use the professional title engineer is awarded in Austria. Transition, the Professional titles graduate HTL engineer and graduate engineer HLFL were introduced in 1994, which were awarded to 2007. The female forms are fixed with 4 PStV engineer, graduate HTL engineer and graduate engineer after HLFL INGG 2006 and § 6 para. ( Analogue of the academic degree diploma engineer -. Diplomingenieurin )

As Namensbeifügungen the professional designations shall be treated as academic degrees. They are " attached to the name, if such a right is acquired under domestic legislation " according to § 10 paragraph 2 PStG. Entry basis by deed law § 6 para 4 PStV and paragraph 1 lit. b. sublit. cc. Registration Guidelines 2009 of the BMWF. Under these provisions, although there is no registration requirement, but there is a legal right to enclose the professional title to the name and registration in ( civil status ) certificates and other official documents.

Championship

Awarded by the German craft chambers after successful master craftsman title.

  • Electrical engineer master / master optician John Doe

From the Chamber of Crafts Wiesbaden the abbreviation was me. protected ( for " master in the craft " ) as a trademark. The short name must be implemented by all craftsmen before the name.

Student circle

The name additions include the student circle.

Religious denominations

  • Francis of Hummelauer SJ - Society of Jesus, ie a member of the Jesuit Order

Official title of ecclesiastical dignitaries of all faiths are in Austria before the name and before the academic degrees:

  • Univ. -Prof. Prelate Dr. X.

Post- Notional

In the Commonwealth, it is common that people are wearing with certain Merit or appointed members of learned societies, called Fellows, an abbreviation as a suffix (post - nominal):

  • Stephen Hendry MBE - Member of the Order of the British Empire
  • Charles Chaplin KBE - Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire
  • Randolph Quirk FBA - Fellow of the British Academy
  • Sir Gordon Conway FRGS - Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society

Genealogical additives

At the same persons, in particular with father and son, to write as suffix after the last name:

  • Senior, short sen. (also sr or snr. . ) - Latin senior means ' ( to comparative senex 'old' ) older
  • Junior, short jun. (including Jr. or jnr ) - Latin iunior means ' ( to Iuvenis comparative, young ') younger

The German translation is also used for father and son, but also in case of unclear genealogy and in unrelated contemporaries:

  • The Elder, Elder shortly.
  • The Younger, in short this year

Examples: Hans Holbein the Elder and Hans Holbein the Younger were father and son. James the Greater and James the younger two were not more closely related disciples of Christ; Therefore, the former Latin Iacobus maior, not Iacobus senior.

  • Senior [ si ː. njə (r )] or the Elder
  • Junior [ dʒu niə ː (r )] or the Younger

The abbreviation is always capitalized in English: Sammy Davis, Jr.

  • L' Ancien
  • Le Jeune

Geography

Cities

Cities can give ( nickname ) or can give a name addition. These are mainly places with spas that carry the additional bathroom, but also Hanseatic cities.

In addition, cities are also additions to names which point to distinguish with the same name on the geographical location of cities, such as Frankfurt am Main and Frankfurt ( Oder).

Other cities have additives that point to historical circumstances or those who lived there, such as the Lutherstadt Wittenberg.

Geographical names

In many languages, the name of geographical names, the word for mountain, river, town, lake and so on prepended or appended with the British language area of ​​the auxiliary appears before the name, but is usually appended in American English:

In some countries it is common to places of distinction to append the name of the state, province, prefecture or the like:

  • Winnipeg, MB
  • Paris, Texas
  • Mihama ( Wakayama )
  • Hamm ( Westfalen)
  • Biel VS
Leonardo da Vinci Vanderbilt family Arabic name Ibn#Arabic Mandate (politics) Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin Tax advisor Zirkel (Studentenverbindung) Charlie Chaplin Biel, Valais Style (manner of address) Commonwealth Realm
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