Survey marker

Under demarcation (or stabilization) is understood in surveying and geodesy, the permanent placing or attaching a measuring mark for a fixed point or other survey point.

In contrast to the demarcation boundary points abgemarkt - even if in some states, Austria and Switzerland, the technical introduction of the boundary markers is also denoted by demarcation.

Widely visible clearly defined structural elements ( so-called high points) can survey points signal; this therefore must not be marketable. Examples of these are:

Steeple - cross or knob ( ball under the tower cross)
Pyramid or Triangulationssäule, summit cross ( the net first order)
Rod signal (5-10 cm thick, 3-5 m high metal tube with high-contrast target )

Other examples of permanent demarcation:

Cornerstone of trigonometric points
Pillar height for fixed points
Height of tower bolt or bolts ( on stable walls, stable buildings such as steeples )
Height mark in stable buildings
Iron pipe with cap
Fork point (double mark on walls )
Nagel ( in various materials )
Bolts ( in solid surfaces like concrete or asphalt)
Tiller
Cross chisel, rock cross.
Plastic brand, also impact brand - this is a cast made of artificial stone head in a metal anchor (often barbed ) cast. Suitable for soft floors.

Examples in Mine Surveying:

Console or bolts in the shock or expansion
First point

Examples of a non-permanent, temporary demarcation:

Eccentric - in view dead spaces
Wooden peg with nail - for example stakeout or to better locate a measuring point.
Carrot - a plastic wedge in the form of a carrot being hit in soft ground and later removed.

Examples of a temporary signaling a demarcation:

Ranging Pole - at almost any measurement, even in the bar stand ( temporarily at measuring points )
Mire ( usually an illuminated reference direction )