Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute

Sveriges och meteorologiska hydrologiska Institute ( SMHI, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological German Institute ) is a Swedish state administrative authority, who carries out the task to observe the weather, water, climate and environment and create forecasts. SMHIs work is based on the four scientific fields of meteorology, hydrology, oceanography and climatology.

SMHI was founded in 1919 and had its headquarters first in Stockholm, since 1975 in Norrköping. Branches are located in Gothenburg, Malmö, Upplands Väsby and Sundsvall.

History

SMHIs predecessor organization was founded in 1874, Statens Meteorologiska Central Institute ( German State Central Meteorological Institute ). She was a free-standing part of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The Institute published on July 1, 1874, first weather forecast for the general public and was from 15 July 1880, the first Swedish daily weather forecast out. 1882 a collaboration with Statens Järnvägar was started and set up at major stations Weather forecast stations. 1908, the Authority was Hydrografiska Byrån ( German Hydrographic Office ) was established, the water level and water flow should record in Sweden waterfalls and rivers.

From these two meteorological and hydrological stations was 1919 Statens Meteorologisk - hydrografiska Institute ( SMHA, German National meteorological and hydrographic institute ) with Axel Wallén as the first top director and head out. 1921 SMHA also got the responsibility for Oceanography transmitted because the Nautisk - Meteorologiska was Byrån closed. Between 1929 and 1930, also the Eissignaldienst was taken over by Lotsverket. As of 1936, SMHA a telephone message service with local weather forecast for Stockholm, known as " Fröken väder " ( German Miss Weather), ready. On July 1, 1945 SMHA changed his name to SMHI, since the term institution was perceived as a care facility of some kind.

1954 Sweden's first weather forecast was broadcast on television, but she could only be received in Stockholm and the surrounding area. As of August 9, 1957, the weather forecast was then regularly receivable on Swedish television. In 1975, his SMHI to his headquarters in Norrköping. In 1985, the hydrographic laboratory of the Fisheries Office ( Swedish Fiskeristyrelsen ) was incorporated into SMHI. Since 1985 participates in the so-called SMHI HIRLAM project, which has developed a weather forecasting model of the same name.

Tasks

Since the 19th century data on the atmosphere, the lakes and the ocean were recorded by SMHI and its predecessor organizations. Today this can be found, among other satellites, radar, aircraft and buoys application. SMHI processes the data and produces forecasts, decision documents for weather-dependent activities and documents for climate scenarios and climatological studies commissioned by the state.

In addition, SMHI provides services to the community ready. Individuals and businesses can purchase customized forecasts. For example, the aviation and maritime customized services for the energy industry, offered. Television stations and newspapers to acquire data for their weather reports from SMHI. SMHI achieved in 2013 a turnover of 650 million crowns.

For the weather forecast SMHI Sweden shares in 19 forecast districts.

SMHI also operates Applied meteorological, hydrological and oceanografische research, as well as climate research and research to adjacent environmental issues. The research department covers approximately 100 scientists.