Symington Amendment

The Symington Amendment, even Glenn / Symington Symington Amendment or Accord ( German: Symington Amendment Act ), is a supplement to the Foreign Assistance Act in the U.S. legal system.

The Symington Amendment to the Carter administration from 1976/1977 prohibits the U.S. strictly financial or military aid to countries that are developing "risky technologies " ( nuclear weapons ) outside international controls and existing contracts. A catalog of sanctions was developed as a basis for action from him.

Formation

The agreement was based on a 1958 cause of democratic deputies Stuart Symington (Missouri ) placed article on the question of survival of the USA after a nuclear attack and turned so that the defense policy of the then Republican President Dwight D. Eisenhower in question.

Application

It was first applied in 1979 to regulate Pakistan over its nuclear program. After the outbreak of the war in Afghanistan, sanctions against assurance of the limitation of the program were partly lifted. Under the reign of Ronald Reagan, the addition received a supplement that Pakistan's support still allowed for six years.

With the Pressler Amendment of 1985, an annual certification by the U.S. president was binding, which Pakistan but withdrew in 1989. 1990 to 1995, then military supplies were restricted to the land until the Clinton administration she took against terrorism and due to American economic interests again in the course of the fight. 2001/2002, Pakistan received about a billion dollars in military aid from the United States.

Since 1994, North Korea is sanctioned due to the Symington - agreement. Are also affected all other countries defined as rogue states.

Israel receives an annual economic and military aid of three billion dollars, although it is known since Mordechai Vanunu that the country has nuclear weapons. Since the U.S. government has not formally recognized the existence of nuclear weapons, the help is not officially at odds with the Symington Amendment.