Synaptotagmin 1

Synaptotagmins are a group of 15 localized to cell membranes proteins that are characterized by an N-terminal transmembrane region ( TMR), a variable connection and two C -terminal C2 domains ( C2A and C2B ) are distinguished. There are several C2 domains of protein -bearing groups which are related to the Synaptotagminen. These include Ferline, e- Syts and MCTPs, and RIM, Munc13s and B / K.

Function

Based on their distribution in the endocrine brain and its biochemical properties, binding C2 domains of synaptotagmins calcium. It is therefore assumed that synaptotagmins serve as calcium sensors, which control the release of neurotransmitters and hormones.

Although all synaptotagmins are very similar in structure, bind only eight ( 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10) calcium.

Proteins from the group of synaptotagmins can be found by interacting with β - neurexin and SNAP -25 in exocytosis in early ( docking of synaptic vesicles at the presynaptic membrane) and in the late phase.

2006 could be demonstrated in a test that synaptotagmin 1 can displace complexin from the SNARE complex in the presence of calcium. This is considered to be one of the last reactions in exocytosis.

The C2 domains then control the fusion of synaptic vesicles within the framework of exocytosis.