Synecdoche

A synecdoche ( gr συνεκδοχή synekdoché " Mitverstehen " ) is a rhetorical figure from the group of the tropics. It involves the replacement of a word by a term of the same conceptual field. Thus, a word by a term with closer or further meaning, one upper or lower term to be replaced. Thus it is distinguished from the metaphor from ( in which a word is replaced by an unrelated phrase from another term field ) and by metonymy ( where there is a spiritual or factual relationship between the terms ). However, the boundaries between metonymy and synecdoche are fluid.

The synecdoche is often mistaken with the figure of pars pro toto (Latin, a part for the whole ') equated, but only as a special case of synecdoche.

Subspecies of synecdoche

Depending on the nature of the numerical ratio can be distinguished:

• A home run for one or more persons of a household lead

• Bread for food
• Men for men, three men for three people
• With the sword, for by force of arms
• The ring as a symbol for marriage

• The big cat as a synonym for the Tiger

• Grape juice for wine.

• The hero of Troy was anno ... born.

• The German for the Germans or the majority of German citizens

• Pluralis Majestatis

Examples

From everyday life

• " They all live under one roof" [ house / apartment ]
• "Eat your plate [ meal ] on! "

Country names

• "England" for the whole of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
• "Holland" (a region of the Netherlands ) for the Netherlands

Capital instead of government

• " Berlin criticized the decision " - meaning the federal government in Berlin

From the literature

• " I am disgusted this inkblot end Säkulum when I read of great people in my Plutarch [ work of Plutarch ]. " ( The Robbers, Act 1, Scene 2 )