Tegenaria

Large angles spider ( Tegenaria atrica )

Angle spinning ( Tegenaria ) is a more than 120 types of comprehensive worldwide genus of the family of funnel spiders. In Europe at least 62 species are endemic.

Features

All species of this genus are nocturnal, usually very fast, light brown to reddish - brown or dark brown, with mostly bristled, sometimes finely hairy, long legs. A characteristic feature of determination within this genus is the Brustmal ( on the sternum). The Great angle spider was the " Spider of the Year 2008".

Dangerousness

The species of the genus Tegenaria sp. are harmless. In the U.S., the field angle bites spider ( Tegenaria agrestis ) alleged to have caused necrotic, very slow healing and extremely painful wounds. The evidence for this is, however, very questionable and it is assumed that it is in some of these wounds do not constitute spider bites and that the remaining bites were caused instead by species of the genus Loxosceles, especially of Loxosceles reclusa, however, in which one may necrotizing effect of their venom can be considered certain.

Species

The best known representatives of the genus are living in houses, sheds, stables or barns " house spiders "

  • Large angles spider ( Tegenaria atrica CL Koch 1843)
  • House angle spider ( Tegenaria domestica ( Clerck, 1757), synonym: T. derhami )
  • Wall angle spider ( Tegenaria parietina ( Fourcroy, 1785) )

And living in the open, common in parts of North America

  • Field angle spider ( Tegenaria agrestis ( Walckenaer 1802) ).

Other European species

Tegenaria animata Kratochvil & Miller 1940 stat. rev., T. Bavarian Kratochvil 1934 stat. rev., T. Bosnica Kratochvil & Miller 1940 stat. rev. and T. decolorata Kratochvil & Miller 1940 stat.

  • Tegenaria Achaea Brignoli, 1977
  • Tegenaria advena (C. L. Koch, 1841)
  • Tegenaria animata Kratochvil & Miller, 1940 ( Formerly included in genus Pseudotegenaria, stat. Rev. Since 2010)
  • Tegenaria antrorum Simon, 1916
  • Tegenaria argaeica Nosek, 1905
  • Tegenaria ariadnae Brignoli, 1984
  • Tegenaria armigera Simon, 1873
  • Tegenaria baronii Brignoli, 1977
  • Tegenaria Bavarian Kratochvil, 1934 (formerly in the genus Pseudotegenaria, stat. Rev. Since 2010)
  • Tegenaria bithyniae Brignoli, 1978
  • Tegenaria boitanii Brignoli, 1978
  • Tegenaria Bosnica Kratochvil & Miller 1940 ( formerly stat in the genus Pseudotegenaria. Rev. Since 2010)
  • Tegenaria bucculenta (Koch 1868), (endemic Iberian on the Peninsula)
  • Tegenaria capolongoi Brignoli, 1977
  • Tegenaria carensis Barrientos, 1981
  • Tegenaria cerruttii Roewer, 1979
  • Tegenaria circumflex Canestrini, 1868
  • Tegenaria decolorata Kratochvil & Miller 1940 ( formerly stat in the genus Pseudotegenaria. Rev. Since 2010)
  • Tegenaria dentifera Kulczynski 1908
  • Tegenaria drescoi Brignoli, 1971
  • Tegenaria duellica Simon, 1875 (synonyms: T. gigantea, T. propinqua )
  • Tegenaria feminea Simon, 1870, (endemic Iberian on the Peninsula)
  • Tegenaria femoral Simon, 1873
  • Tegenaria fuesslini Pavesi, 1873
  • Tegenaria lapicidinarum Spassky in 1934
  • Tegenaria levantina Barrientos, 1981
  • Tegenaria lucida Franganillo, 1925
  • Tegenaria maderiana Thorell, 1875
  • Tegenaria marinae Brignoli, 1971
  • Tegenaria mirifica Thaler, 1987 ( in the Alps endemic, rare)
  • Tegenaria montana Deltshev, 1993
  • Tegenaria montigena Simon, 1937, ( endemic to the Iberian Peninsula)
  • Tegenaria nervosa Simon, 1870
  • Tegenaria nigra Franganillo, 1920
  • Tegenaria oribata Simon, 1916
  • Tegenaria osellai Brignoli, 1971
  • Tegenaria paragamiani Deltshev, 2008
  • Tegenaria parmenidis Brignoli, 1971
  • Tegenaria pasquinii Brignoli, 1978
  • Tegenaria percuriosa Brignoli, 1972
  • Tegenaria pieperi Brignoli, 1979
  • Tegenaria racovitzai Simon, 1907
  • Tegenaria ramblae Barrientos, 1978 ( endemic to the Iberian Peninsula)
  • Tegenaria regispyrrhi Brignoli, 1976
  • Tegenaria rhodiensis Di Caporiacca, 1948
  • Tegenaria saeva Blackwall, 1844
  • Tegenaria schmalfussi Brignoli, 1976
  • Tegenaria scopifera Barrientos, Ribera & Pons, 2002
  • Tegenaria sericea ( Taczanowski, 1867)
  • Tegenaria similis Giebel, 1867
  • Tegenaria taurica Charitonov, 1947
  • Tegenaria tridentina L. Koch, 1872 (endemic in the Alps)
  • Tegenaria trinacriae Brignoli, 1971
  • Tegenaria tyrrhenica Dalmas, 1922
  • Tegenaria velox Chyzer, 1897

Transferred types

Morphologically, one can distinguish two groups of right-angle spinning. The males of one group to wear on their pedipalps each a short, thick embolus, this includes the type species of the genus Tegenaria, Tegenaria domestica. The males of the other group have a long, filiform embolus. Such an embolus is characteristic of the genus Malthonica. Therefore, in 2005 some species of the genus Tegenaria were transferred ind the genus Malthonica, including the Auburn angle spider ( Malthonica ferruginea ) whose embolus can be as long as the spider itself, it has been found, however, that this feature is not sufficient to the two genera clearly delineate. Thus, the angle Auburn spider despite the eye-catching embolus of the male appears to be phylogenetically closely related to the genus Tegenaria. The following species have been transferred to the genus Malthonica 2005.

  • Malthonica campestris
  • Auburn angle spider ( Malthonica ferruginea )
  • Malthonica pagana
  • Malthonica picta
  • Forest Spider angle ( Malthonica silvestris )

Attributed to the genus Histopona, the occurring in forests and forest tree roots funnel spider ( Histopona torpida, formerly Tegenaria torpida ).

In 2010, two species of Tegenaria and two types of Malthonica were spun off to the newly described genus Aterigena. At the same species of the genus Pseudotegenaria were reintegrated into the genus Tegenaria. Species of the genus Aterigena:

  • Aterigena aculeata (Wang, 1992), native to China, (synonym: Tegenaria aculeata, since 2010 in the genus Aterigena )
  • Aterigena aliquoi ( Brignoli, 1971), Sicily, (synonym: Tegenaria aliquoi, since 2005 in the genus Malthonica, since 2010 in the genus Aterigena )
  • Aterigena aspromontensis Bolzern, Hänggi & Burckhardt, 2010, northern Italy
  • Aterigena ligurica (Simon, 1916), northern Italy and southern France, (synonym: Tegenaria ligurica, since 2010 in the genus Aterigena )
  • Aterigena soriculata (Simon, 1873), Sardinia and Corsica (synonym: Tegenaria soriculata, since 2005 in the genus Malthonica, since 2010 in the genus Aterigena )
Entelegynae Hobo spider American Museum of Natural History
378706
de