Tianyuan Cave

The Tianyuan Cave (Chinese田园 洞, Pinyin Tiányuán dong, English Tianyuan Cave ) is a paleoanthropological and archaeological site at Zhoukoudian, a city of sub-district of Beijing, People's Republic of China. It is situated at 175 meters above sea level and is located in the village Huangshandian on the grounds of the Tianyuan Tree Farm, about six kilometers southwest of the known Middle Pleistocene fossil deposits from which the remains of Peking man were recovered. It is also called Zhoukoudian Locality 27 ( Zhoukoudian locality No. 27).

The Tianyuan Cave was discovered in June 2001 by workers from the Tianyuan Tree Farm, which also found numerous mammalian fossils in it. The relatively small cave has a directed to the northwest entrance and was first explored in 2003 and 2004 by researchers from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The cave was formed in Precambrian limestone and has four clearly distinguishable Fund horizons, their most profitable were dated to the Late Pleistocene.

The fossil site was internationally known in the art, after it had succeeded, the main components of the food discovered in the cave, some 40,000 year old fossil of a Homo sapiens, known as Tianyuan 1 to identify fresh water fish. From this a fossil mandible fragment had been scientifically described previously.