Tigray Province
Tigray ( ትግራይ təgray [ tɨɡraj ] ) was a former province in the kingdom of Abyssinia, from 1974 a province of Ethiopia under the Derg regime. In the Democratic People's Republic of Ethiopia from 1987 she was autonomous and since 1995 she has been through the adoption of the new constitution as a distinct region - the Tigray region, and no province - within the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. The capital was Mek'ele.
At the time of its dissolution have been several historic provinces, including Semien, Agame, and Tembien Enderta, united with her to the Tigray region. The region around the Tigrinya - speaking areas Tsellemti and Wolqayt ( Wolkait ) to the south and west were not previously the province of Tigray, it was claimed by the separatist People's Liberation Front of Tigray and Wollo were so far to the provinces and Begemder ( Gondar ) ..
History
Habesha, then Proto - Tigray (People ) and Proto - Amhara, were the state-supporting people in the Aksumite Empire in the first millennium BC. The heart of the Aksumite kingdom was located in the province of Tigray later. The official language of the empire, the Ge'ez language of the Church Ethiopian Orthodox and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church remained, even later. The capital city of Aksum was located in the center of Tigray
During the Middle Ages the position of the Tigray Mekonnen (Governor of Tigray ) was established in order to reign over the territory. Other districts closed Akkele Guzay (now part of Eritrea) and the Kingdom of Bahr Negus with a. The Bahr Negus ruled over most of the later province of Eritrea and the District Cottages ( including the capital Shire ) in Western Tigray. At the time when the Tigray Mekonnen, there was next to the Bahr Negus, the border between the two empires was the river Mareb, which forms today the border between the State of Eritrea and the Tigray region.
In the 17th century, the future head of Tigray province was surrounded by 13 provinces: Tembien, Shire, Serae, Hamasien, Bur, Sam'a, Agame, Amba Senayt, Gar'alta, Enderta, Sahart and Abergele.
After the loss of power of the Bahr Negus after the rebellions of the Bahr Negus Yeshaq the title of the Tigray Mekonnen won compared to the Bahr Negus more and more power. The Tigray Mekonnen ruled over parts of the modern state of Eritrea, especially in the 19th century.
In the politically uncertain era of princes who Zemene Mesafint period, waned the power of both governors to no more than meaningless titles, and the sovereign, which dominated the region in return, received by the Ethiopian emperor the title Ras and Dejazmach and used this from then on. The first ruler under this title was Ras Mikael Sehul. Regent of Tigray, including Wolde Selassie, alternated with Ras ' from other provinces, mainly those from Begemder and Yejju. In reality prevailed during the Zemene Mesafint warlords instead of Ethiopian monarchs.
In the mid-1880s succeeded the rulers of Tembien and Enderta to achieve the supremacy of their dynasty over Tigray. One of their members, Dejazmach Kassai Mercha, rose in 1872 under the name Yohannes IV even to the imperial throne. His death during the Battle of Metemma following, the Ethiopian throne came under the control of the king of Shewa. The power center of the Empire of Abyssinia was thus transferred from Tigray to the south.
In the 1970s, when the kingdom of Abyssinia was abolished and was formed in its place a socialist military dictatorship, here were formed guerrilla movements, who wanted to achieve the independence of the province, and fought in a civil war against the Ethiopian central government. Among them were the nationalist Tigray Liberation Front and the Communist People's Liberation Front of Tigray, the latter was able to prevail in the end as the only political force.
The Tigray province in its present form was after the takeover by the Ethiopian People 's Revolutionary Democratic Front of the - 1995 finally abolished under the new administrative division of Ethiopia - which was led by the Tigray People's Liberation Front. She was called to 1995 Region 1 for the Afar lowlands belonging to the eastern part of the former province of Tigray (which had been removed in 1987 as part of Assab Autonomous Region) this was part of the Afar Region.
Swell
Arsi | Bale | Begemder | Eritrea | Gemu - Gofa | Goddscham | Hararghe | Illubabor | Kaffa | Shewa | Sidamo | Tigray | Wollega | Wällo
- Tigray
- Province in Ethiopia