Tonmeister
Mixer ( also music director or English. Recording producer, balance engineer) is an artistic study profession. A sound engineer acts in music and word production as an artistic and technical manager, his work is the link between the performance of the musicians and the technical implementation and storage. Workspaces for sound engineers are off the music and audiovisual productions, as well as the sound of concert and theater events. Conditions for the activity are musical understanding, creativity, empathy, excellent ear for music and sound knowledge in the field of audio technology. A sound engineer is thus an equally technically and artistically skilled manager.
Basics
Sound engineer need not only technical knowledge particularly comprehensive musical knowledge and skills and serve as an intermediary between artistic merit and technical implementation of sound. The issues of the classical recording engineer gained around the middle of the twentieth century in importance as the dominant musical culture of chamber music and orchestral concert business should be transferred to the enormous increasingly important new media of radio and the record. The staff required for this purpose should be able to move confidently in both the musical culture of the time, and with the technical and aesthetic characteristics of these media.
In contrast to the skilled technical masterpiece occupations, from which the word " mixer " was derived, the job title is not protected as such. However, the term Tonmeister is protected. The idea for the study program music transfer had Erich Thien house. He founded in 1949 the first sound engineer institute in Europe, the EIT in Detmold.
Vocational
The mixer acts in music or radio play productions as a production manager. He puts a shot conception ( work plan ) before, leads sound and music director and is responsible for the cut. He monitored using a score that adherence to the text, intonation, phrasing, balance, and the interaction between the instrument groups, the rhythmic accuracy and compliance with the tempo, etc. He exerts a certain influence on the interpretation of. He must the artists be compared with a competent partner and advisor.
In concert or theater events, he is responsible for the music and voice transmission, that is the realization of a high-quality sound and the acoustic implementation of Directed concepts. Often he is also responsible for equipment maintenance and installation, through to verifying and implementing the applicable security policies.
In film and television, the activity starts when shooting on location ( Set), involves the production of specific sounds ( sound design ), the synchronization of actors to the recording of film music and the creation of the final mixture ( multichannel sound) in a recording studio.
" The mixer is at any stage of production responsible for ensuring that the end product of the artistic focus of the musicians and the producer complies. "
- Artistic and technical occupations: ( diploma) Sound engineer / in ( DE), Music Director / in (CH)
- Technical Jobs: ( diploma) engineer / in, audio engineer, sound director / in (CH)
- Technical assistance professions: Tonoperateur / in, Audio Assistant / in, sound engineer / in
The last profession is usually taken over by the sound engineer with cost reasons.
Training
To meet these diverse tasks, a solid technical and musical training is necessary; the sound engineer training integrated for various artistic and art educational (as well as scientific ) content and is a full-fledged musical studies.
The training includes not only the mediation of sound technical knowledge and skills ( mathematics, electrical engineering, acoustics, audio engineering, digital technology, studio technology and practice, receiving care, etc. ) especially an intense workout in the musical field ( ear training, music theory, instrumentation, score studies, music history, musicology, of instruments, music criticism, music analysis, score reading, morphology, plant analysis and stylistics, instrumental and vocal practice, etc.) and basics of dramaturgy. Usually, the knowledge of at least one musical instrument (main instrument, second instrument, the piano is usually compulsory) provided; Some courses complement the training content around themes such as Corporate Account, law, business, etc. The entry requirement is the general higher education (Abitur ) plus an entrance examination / entrance examination.
Studying in Berlin, Detmold and Vienna has a standard period of study of at least ten semesters.
The following state institutions form the academic degree of "Diplom - mixer " and addressed to some extent currently on European harmonization, the courses of study for the bachelor's degree as a lower degree and Master 's degrees as a higher academic degree:
- Detmold Academy of Music - Erich Thienhaus Institute - Dipl.- mixer
- University of the Arts in collaboration with the Technical University of Berlin - Dipl.- mixer
- Academy of Film and Television in Potsdam - Dipl.- mixer for audio-visual media
- University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna - sound engineer, Mag. / Master of Arts
- Zurich University of the Arts - sound engineer / Master of Arts
Besides these universities there are also private institutions that offer on purely commercial basis qualifications in the field of recorded music, including the SAE Institute, the Academy German POP, the audio Academy Hamburg and the SfT school for audio engineering in Wuppertal and Regensburg. However, there are in terms of content and depth of training in significant differences to the degree programs of the state colleges of art.
Professional associations
- VDT - Association of German Sound Engineers
- Professional association of film sound BVFT eV
- Bundesverband tone of the film mixer ( BAT ) ( no longer exists)
- AES - Audio Engineering Society
- FKTG - Television and Cinema Technology Society
Awards
- Grammy Award - Awards for music releases
- Oscar / Best Sound - film sound awards since 1930
- Lola / German Film Award - Best Sound - film sound awards
- British Academy Film Award / Best Sound