Torilis
Fruit stand of arable Velcro Kerbel ( torilis arvensis)
The bristle cones or Velcro chervil ( torilis ) are a genus of plants of the carrot family ( Apiaceae ), whose fruits are covered with spines or bristles.
Description
There are one to two- year-old species outside Europe rarely perennial species with one to two times pinnate or fiederschnittigen leaves. The terminal leaflets are lanceolate to oblong- oval and deeply toothed or lobed fiederig. The leaves are all the plants usually hairy as short and pressed, but rough.
The flowers are in loose to dense, terminal and axillary double umbels. Bracts and Hüllchenblätter are absent or very few available. The petals are white or sometimes pink run.
The roundish to oval fruits are flattened laterally, with narrow joint surface. They are set with spines or bristles that are rough by 20-50 microns high papillae and are hook-shaped curved in most species upwards.
Distribution and habitat requirements
The genus is represented worldwide.
Most species grow in open forests or on open grasslands or fallow land.
Types (selection)
Of the approximately 20 species of the genus occur in Europe 6 types before, and in Germany three ways:
- Arable Velcro chervil ( torilis arvensis ( Huds. ) Link )
- Usually Velcro chervil ( torilis japonica ( Houtt. ) DC. )
- Gnarled Velcro chervil ( torilis nodosa (L.) Gaertn. )
The other European species are:
- Torilis leptophylla (L.) Rchb.f.
- Torilis tenella ( Delile ) Rchb.f.
- Torilis ucranica Spreng.