Touring car

The touring car is an automobile design, which was spread by the early 20th century until the mid- 1930s. In the United Kingdom he was also (four door ) open tourer, touring in France and later Double Phaeton Phaeton and in the USA or touring car called. The name came from the 1920's out of fashion and the differences with the sportier and Torpedo Phaeton became blurred.

A touring car was suitable for longer journeys - hence the name - and had an open structure with typically 4 to 7 seats in 2 rows which were directly accessible through side doors. there are also versions with three rows of seats and 9-10 places known where the middle row then two individual seats consisted of passage. Until the mid -1920s, the touring car was next to the Roadster the most common automotive design, only then closed sedans and coupes came on a larger scale, initially designated to distinguish it from touring car as well as inside the handlebar.

Unlike the sedan, convertible sedan or four -door Cabriolet ( Convertible Sedan, Sedan transformable ) had the touring car no B- and C-pillars and no side window frame. Front doors only became available from about 1912. This version was called in the U.S. initially fore door touring. The first version did not have windscreens, followed by a perpendicular or nearly perpendicular slices, folding, typically used. Touring cars have a light, usually unlined soft top. Additional weather protection is provided by either side parts made ​​of cloth with eye slits which return on the hood and on the body. Door be attached or which are inserted similarly to the Roadster in later versions, side windows. Expensive versions sometimes have a rear, additional tonneau windshield which can be pivoted by means of a complicated folding mechanism behind the backrest of the front seat.

Special types of touring car (examples)

  • Tonneau
  • Torpedo
  • Phaeton
  • Roi -des- Belges: slightly raised rear seat. Roi -des- Belges came so they often still had no front doors after 1910 out of fashion; named after King Leopold II of Belgium
  • Tulip
  • Close- Coupled: Rear bench seat shifted slightly forward; thereby the passengers in Tonneau closer to the front passengers. In addition, more space becomes available at the rear for luggage.
  • Skiff: 2-5 seater, open cockpit boat-shaped wooden; built according to the principles of shipbuilding. The fender line is of wavy; built between 1912 and about 1925.
  • ' Fore - Door Touring '. (USA): Early vehicles (not just touring car ) had no front doors. These were made by from about 1910. In the transitional period, many manufacturers sided their new models with front doors to distinguish it from old-fashioned with that name. After the front doors had become common practice, even this term disappeared.
  • Fore - Seat Touring: In designs with rear -or under- floor engine, there was the possibility of integrating a bench seat in the front bulkhead. After the two-part lid has been open Open wherein the upper part forming the backrest, and the lower step and the leg support formed. Often, a blanket made ​​Attach which offered the passengers on this drafty seat at least from the waist down a makeshift protection from wind and weather.
  • Three- Door Touring (USA ): For some cheaper models, the manufacturers stopped on a driver's door. This was indicated in the body, which was reached by the passenger door. After 1920 this variation disappeared.
  • Salon Touring with access to the front seat; rarely even without direct access to the front row of seats.
  • Tour About: Lightweight and ultra-sporty version for usually 4 - 5 people. About Tour came after 1910 out of fashion, so they often still had no front doors. Depending on the coachbuilder no doors were also provided for the rear. The term overlaps with the Toy Tonneau.
  • Convertible Touring: Touring with four doors, retractable or removable side windows and roof; from the All Wheather Phaeton emerged with enhanced weather protection and the Convertible Sedan ( in Germany and France: convertible, four-door ).
  • Convertible Sedan: Salon Touring with removable, fixed roof. The roof would you describe today as a hardtop. This design did not prevail and the term was then used for a more conventional vehicle (see above).
  • Open Sedan: Touring with non-removable, fixed-roof and removable disks. The roof would you describe today as a hardtop. Concept and design not prevailed.
  • Open Sedan: Touring with non-removable, fixed-roof and removable disks. The roof would you describe today as a hardtop. Concept and design not prevailed. It should be noted that the sedan has been defined at this time with an open chauffeur compartment ( but a fixed roof ), the closed passenger compartment and blade. A chauffeur-driven limousine, according to current understanding ( closed all around, cutting disc ) would be at that time as Berline, Conduite - Intérieur respectively. Enclosed -drive sedan was called.

After the Second World War there was the open touring car only for use in the military or the police, these vehicles were called jeep and generally side windows made ​​of soft plastic possessed.

Touring car racing Roadster (automobile) Rear-engine design Firewall (engine)
690774
de