Tricalcium phosphate
- Tricalcium phosphate
- Tribasic calcium phosphate
- Calcium orthophosphate
- Tricalciummonophosphat
- Tertiary calcium phosphate
A12AA01
White, odorless solid
Fixed
3.14 g · cm -3
1670 ° C
Practically insoluble in water (0.02 g · l-1 at 20 ° C)
Risk
> 5000 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)
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Calcium phosphate, tricalcium orthophosphate or tricalcium phosphate ( Ca3 ( PO4 ) 2) is a calcium salt of ortho- phosphoric acid and is one of the phosphates. The term is sometimes tricalcium phosphate for the very similar compound Pentacalciumhydroxytriphosphat ( Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 OH ) was used.
Occurrence
In nature, calcium phosphate does not occur in pure form. Mineral calcium phosphates such as apatite or phosphorite still contain other anions. Of the two, there are large deposits of industrial importance in the production of phosphorus and fertilizers ( superphosphate ) but have only the apatites.
Ivory is - depending on the quality - about 55 to 61 % of calcium phosphate.
Properties
Calcium phosphate is a white and odorless solid that melts at 1670 ° C. It is practically insoluble in water.
Use
It uses the ( water-insoluble ) tertiary calcium phosphate for the production of the ( water-soluble ) primary calcium phosphate Ca ( H2PO4 ) 2, better known as superphosphate, a commonly used fertilizer.
Calcium phosphate is also used for the production of phosphoric acid, by reacting with sulfuric acid:
In the food industry Calcium phosphate is used as acidity regulator, firming agent or release agent; For example, for finished cake mixes, which are as a flow aid prevent lumps and get the flowability is. Calcium phosphate is approved for certain foods, each with different maximum limits for organic food along with calcium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium hydrogen phosphate in the EU as a food additive under the joint number E 341 ( " calcium phosphates "). After the addition approval regulations, these are - for the most approved phosphates largely uniform - individual specifications for a wide range with many different types of food. The approved maximum amounts vary from 0.5 to 50 grams per kilogram ( in creamer for ATM), or even the lack of a fixed restriction ( quantum satis - as needed, nutritional supplements and partly in chewing gum ). Phosphorus is in hyperactivity suspected of causing allergic reactions and osteoporosis. It was determined an allowable daily dose of 70 milligrams per kilogram of body weight for the total amount of recorded phosphoric acid and phosphates.
In bone surgery and implantology tricalcium phosphate is used as a synthetic bone substitute material; it is slowly absorbed and replaced by autologous bone.