Trinity Church (Boston)
The Trinity Church or officially Trinitiy Church in the City of Boston is a parish of the Episcopal Church of the United States at Copley Square in the Back Bay area of Boston in Massachusetts. It belongs to the Diocese of Massachusetts. The parish comprises about 3000 households, was established in 1733.
With the various church choirs are connected, including Trinity Choir, Trinity Schola, Trinity Choristers and Trinity Chamber Choir.
History
After the former parish church burned down during the great fire of 1872, was the former Pastor Phillips Brooks ( 1835-1893 ), one of the best known and most charismatic preachers of his time, built the present building. Church and rectory were designed by Henry Hobson Richardson; the construction lasted from 1872 to 1877, when the church was consecrated. The building established the fame of Richardson as an architect and is the archetype of the architectural style, which is referred to as Richardsonian Romanesque. It is characterized by a flat tile roof, the use of polychrome, heavy stones, heavy arches, and a massive tower. The style was soon adopted in the construction of a number of public buildings in the United States.
Services
In Trinity Church on Sundays four services are held. In the main service at 11.15 clock is only served on the first Sunday in deviation from the usual practice in today's Episcopal Church in the month of the Holy Communion; on the other Sundays there will be a rare variant of the Rite I Morning Prayers with a sermon and extra Anthem. The services during the week include the Lord's Supper, on Thursday found a Evensong instead.
Every year in December occurred the choirs of Trinity Church on during the Candlelight Carols. These are tradition in Boston and are visited by thousands. You wait in long lines at the Copley Square until they are admitted. The event is based on the Nine Lessons and Carols as they were developed at King 's College.
In the Trinity Church numerous special services, due to their large seating capacity, its central location in Boston and the identity of the building as " Boston Church " held, sometimes with the participation of different religions ( Christians, Jews, Muslims, about after 9/ 11) and a number of funeral service for public figures or episcopal ordinations.
Music
The choirs of Trinity Church are integral parts of public life in Boston and contribute to the musical landscape of the city at. The Trinity Choir is often on concert tours on the road and has a number of music albums recorded. The Trinity Choristers are a children's choir, where children learn new music and singing in the tradition of the Royal School of Church Music.
Organs
The original organ in the church was built in 1876 by Hilborne L. Roosevelt. Their arrangement in the sanctuary turned out to be musically but as unsatisfactory, so she was transferred to the gallery. 1903 was built by Hutchings - Votey a new instrument; it was possible that the two organs could be played by a single game table. Ernest M. Skinner began in 1924 with the revision of the two organs, which had 1926 virtually extended to a new building of the organ in the gallery, the game table in the chancel was also new. 1960 a new organ, the organ in the gallery was installed in the sanctuary in 1962 comprehensively revised. Jason McKown modified the tone of the instrument. He was responsible for many years for the maintenance of the organs.
Jack Stone battle installed in 1987 a series of horizontal pipes under the west gallery window. These were donated in honor of Paul Albert Merrill. In the late 1990s ensured Foley -Baker, Inc. for cleaning and revision of both organs and the common gaming table.
Art and Architecture
The plan of the church is a modified cross whose four wings come from the central tower; this has a height of 64 m. The church is at Copley Square, near the John Hancock Tower. The building was constructed in Boston's Back Bay, which was originally a watt, which is why the building rests on approximately 4500 tree trunks, which were nine feet deep driven through gravel, silt and clay.
The murals, which cover about 2000 sqm, were fully made by U.S. artists. Richardson and Brooks decided that a richly provided with interior colors was required, and turned to John La Farge ( 1835-1910 ). La Farge had never received an order to this extent, however, recognized his importance and demanded as payment only paying its cost. The result justified his reputation.
The windows of the church were at the inauguration only clear glass, with one exception, but soon stained glass windows were inserted. Four of the windows were designed by Edward Burne -Jones and made by William Morris. Another four windows were later made by John La Farge and revolutionized the design of decorative glazing by using different layers of iridescent glass.
Trinity Church is the only church in the United States and the only building in Boston, which was set by the American Institute of Architects ( AIA) on the list of "Ten most important buildings in the United States." The architects chose the church in 1885 the most important building of the country; Trinity Church is the only building of the original list from 1885, which is still led by the AIA on the current list. The church was declared on December 30, 1970 a National Historic Landmark.
In the church there are also sculptures by Daniel Chester French and Augustus Saint -Gaudens.
Gallery
Edward Burne -Jones and William Morris, " Adoration of the Magi ', 1882
Edward Burne -Jones and William Morris, "The Adoration of the Shepherds ', 1882
Edward Burne -Jones and William Morris, "The Adoration of the Shepherds", 1882 ( detail)
The Trinity Church reflected in the façade of the John Hancock Tower (2007)