TRIS
- Tris ( hydroxymethyl) aminomethane
- 2-amino- 2-(hydroxymethyl ) propane -1 ,3 -diol
- Tromethamine ( INN)
- Tromethamine
- Trizma ®
- 77-86-1
- 1185-53-1 (hydrochloride)
B05BB03 B05XX02
Colorless solid
Acidosetherapeutikum
Fixed
1.35 g · cm -3
219-220 ° C ( 1.33 kPa)
8.2 (at 20 ° C)
- Good in water ( 800 g · l-1 at 20 ° C ) and ethanol
- Sparingly soluble to insoluble in hydrocarbons
Attention
5900 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, oral)
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
TRIS is an abbreviation for tris ( hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, and tromethamine, trometamol ( INN) called. Chemically, it is a primary amine with three alcoholic hydroxyl groups.
- 3.1 buffering agent in biochemistry
- 3.2 excipient in pharmaceutical
- 3.3 drug
Synthesis
First of three moles of formaldehyde are annealed in an aldol reaction of nitromethane. Subsequently, the nitro group is reduced to the amino group.
Chemical Properties
TRIS is used for biochemical, molecular biological, microbiological and pharmaceutical use as a buffer substance. With a pKa 8.2 (at 20 ° C ) tris has good buffering capacity between pH 7.2 to 9.0. However, there is a relatively large temperature dependence of the acidity constant ( ΔpKs = -0.031 K-1). This means that on cooling, the pH value increased or decreased by the heating.
Content determination
The assay of TRIS succeed as a weak base in aqueous medium with methyl red as an indicator to hydrochloric acid. As ethanolamine derivative TRIS is detectable with the Chen -Kao reaction. The substance with sodium hydroxide and copper (II ) sulfate is ( CuSO4 ) was added ( blue-violet staining).
Use
Buffering agent in biochemistry
The substance is in many life scientists (especially molecular biologists ) so popular because it does not has an inhibitory effect on many enzymes and is thus particularly suitable for in vitro experiments in general. TRIS is thus a standard buffer component for DNA solutions become (for example, TE buffer, and E T is TRIS EDTA ). As TRIS having a reactive primary amino group, the buffer for some chemical applications is not suitable.
Excipient in the pharmaceutical
Trometamol is used in various pharmaceutical dosage forms such as injection and infusion solutions, eye drops, creams and gels, as an adjuvant to stabilize. It acts alkalizing and buffering.
Medicine
In the form of its hydrochloride trometamol is used as a drug for the treatment of metabolic acidosis, and also for alkalinization of the urine in cases of poisoning with weakly acidic substances such as barbiturates. It is administered intravenously. As an organic base trometamol forms salts with mineral acids. In the blood of dissolved carbon dioxide ( CO2) can be neutralized in this way. At the physiological pH of 7.4 are about 70% of the Trometamols in the blood plasma in the ionized ( = protonated ) form before. Unionized trometamol penetrates cell membranes and is also intracellularly as a buffer effect; this causes potassium shifts from the intra- to the extracellular space. It may initially cause hyperkalemia and hypokalemia secondary. Trometamolhydrochlorid there as an infusion solution or infusion solution concentrate. Trometamol is available on prescription in amounts greater than 1 g per dosage form of divided.
Trade names
THAM (D), TRIS (D), as well as a generic (D)