Trucial States

The Trucial States ( English truce of peace ',' ceasefire ' ) were the countries on the southern coast of the Persian Gulf in the 19th and 20th centuries. In German, also known as coastal pirates, pirate coast ( rarely also contract coast, Pacified Oman Oman or contract ) is known, the states of the former armistice coast to the agreement with the British in 1835 and 1853 were referred. These states were henceforth conducted as a protectorate of Great Britain.

The seven Trucial States today form part of the United Arab Emirates.

History

The southern coast of the Persian Gulf became known as the Pirate Coast, because pirates based there merchant shipping between the Middle East and East Asia threatened, although European and Arab boats regularly patrolled from the 17th century in the marine environment.

At the beginning of the 19th century a close relationship with the Sheikdoms on the Gulf Coast, especially to the Sultan of Oman was by the British maintained because this controls access to the Strait of Hormuz, which of course represented a very important significance for the British trade routes to India. In order to preserve the Arab trade with India before competition as well as ongoing piracy, destroyed British warships in 1819 their base in Ra's al -Khaimah and other ports along the south coast. The following year, a general peace treaty was concluded, which joined the resident on the main coastal sheikhs. Until 1835, there was still periodically to pirate attacks, then undertook the sheikhs, can no longer participate in hostilities at sea.

1853 they signed the Treaty with the United Kingdom, in which the so-called " contract Sheikhdoms " the eternal Seefrieden ' ( Perpetual Maritime Truce or simply Perpetual Truce ) consented. This was enforced by the United Kingdom, the arbitration was likewise the British.

On March 6th and 8th 1892 Rashid signed in Ra's al -Khaimah the so-called Treaty of Exclusivity, which at the emirates as a colony 'm Maktoum, Emir of Dubai, along with the rulers of Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Umm al - Qaiwain and Ajman the British colonial power ribbon and implied that they do not sell land to another government, lend, or otherwise could leave, with the exception of England. The agreement guaranteed the British control of the Gulf of Oman and regulated the support in matters of education and health in the Emirates. This was, inter alia, one of the foundations for future wealth of Dubai.

The Trucial States are made up of the emirates of Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm al - Qaiwain, Fujairah and Ras al -Khaimah. Sharjah was established in 1869 by splitting off Ra's al -Khaimah, Fujairah in 1902 by splitting off from Sharjah. Also, the Emirate of Sharjah Kalba was 1903-1952 a split-off, independent party.

The seven Trucial States from 1968 to 1971 tried to establish the Federation of Arab Emirates with Bahrain and Qatar. However, this failed, finally, Bahrain and Qatar gained independence as separate states. On December 2, 1971 Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm al - Qaiwain and Fujairah founded the United Arab Emirates, where the Emirate of Abu Dhabi approached the leadership role. Then entered on February 11, 1972 Ra's al -Khaimah as the seventh and last former Trucial State of the Federation at.

Trucial Oman Scouts

The Trucial Oman Scouts (TOS) emerged in 1956 from the Trucial Oman Levies founded in 1951 ( TOL). It was a paramilitary convoy consisting of British and some Arab officers. The soldiers were from the region, Transjordan and the Indian subcontinent. From initially about 500 people at the unit grew to 1971 to 2500 people. The headquarters was in Sharjah City, bases was last seen in the Buraimi oasis and in most coastal cities.

Trucial States Council

The Trucial States Council was a body of the emirs of the Trucial States. It originated in 1951 in Dubai and was held under the chairmanship of the British Political Agent.