Tsendiin Damdinsüren

Tsendiin Damdinsiiren (Mongolian Цэндийн Дамдинсүрэн; * 1903; † 27 May 1986) was a Mongolian writer and is regarded as the founders of modern Mongolian literature.

Life

The in 1903 ( and not - as previously claimed - 1908) born son literate pastoralists received an education in the district office and was after the revolution of 1921 operates as an army clerk, newspaper editor and in 1929 as Chairman of the Federation of Trade Unions in responsible positions. In January 1929 he was one of the founders of the (first) author Circle of Mongolia.

Damdinsiiren studied from 1933 to 1938 at the Institute of Oriental Studies in Leningrad. After his return fifteen months in innocent remand, he worked from 1939 to 1946 in the Science Committee and from 1942 as chief editor of the largest newspaper Ünen. Damdinsiiren, who was instrumental in the creation of the new Mongolian alphabet and a modern orthography and morphology of the Mongolian language, earned his doctorate in 1950 for a post graduate course at the Institute of Oriental Studies in Leningrad on the Geser epic.

1953 to 1955 he was chairman of the Writers' Union, also, among other long-time member of Parliament and a member of the World Peace Council. Appointed Professor, he was Section Director for Languages ​​and Literature of the Academy of Sciences was founded in 1961. Multiple Damdinsiiren was reprimanded for "political differences ".

Work

The internationally highly respected doyen of Mongolian literature made ​​an outstanding contribution to the development of the ancient Mongolian literature, including the translation of the Secret History in the modern Mongolian, his work on the Mongolian epic and as an editor and lead author of a basic three-volume Mongolian literary history (1957 / 76).

Among many other literary and linguistic works, he also initiated the first editions of her work of the Mongolian national poet Daschdordschiin Natsagdordsch (1945 ) and Dulduityn Rawdschaa (1962). In 1950 Damdinsiiren wrote the text for the National Anthem of Mongolia, which is with some changes and additions used to this day.

Damdinsiiren, who had come out with small fairy-tale stories and poems since 1926, already published in 1929 his first and most important major prose work, the narrative The spurned girl (Eng. 1976). She stands at the beginning of the modern Mongolian prose and also takes therefore a key one because here designed a Mongolian author people from the lower social strata with their conflicts for the first time using realistic means and over a longer period of action.

Damdinsürens poetic conception is marked by its close relations with the People's seal and the thematic openness to the traditions and ethical values ​​of the herdsmen. So builds his poem My grizzled Mother (1934 ), in which he designed the longing for home and the deep love for his mother, to motifs in the folklore. Next to nature and love poems his praises on the stretching Geser (1941 ) and the poem became known The North Star (1944). Damdinsiiren also wrote the libretto for the National Opera The three tragic hills (1942 ) after 1934 resulting play of his friend Daschdordschiin Natsagdordsch. In this " dark " period, he also published several short stories such as The two white things (1945, German 1976). In addition to the early stories Tschadraabalyn Lodoidambas they are among the few notable prose works of Choibalsan era ( 1937/38 bis 1952). Later published Damdinsiiren, especially the scientific work devoted himself after 1945, alongside individual poems still some stories that deal with ethical issues: The Bull Gombo (1953), The Devil ( 1964) and full case ( 1965). His short story collection An unusual wedding appeared in 1966.

Damdinsiiren that among the most important translators of the works of world literature into Mongolian belongs ( Schiller, Pushkin, Lermontov, Balzac, Petőfi, Mayakovsky, Neruda, and others), died as a highly respected scientist and writer.

Translations

• In: explorations. 20 Mongolian stories, ( East) Berlin 1976
• In Mongolian Notes, Issue 17/2008
• In: There wander the times under the eternal sky. A pearl necklace Mongolian poetry, Leipzig 2014