Tungusic peoples

The term Tungusic Manchu peoples is a collective term for the peoples, ethnic groups and populations, at whose ancestors Manchu - Tungus languages ​​were in use. While some ethnic groups still speak these languages ​​to date, use significantly more than 90 % of the population Manchu - Tungus origin Chinese and other languages ​​. The total number of people who identify themselves as members of these peoples is more than 11 million. Up to a maximum of 20,000 in Russia ( Siberia) and a few thousand in Mongolia, most of them live in the People's Republic of China.

Modern nations and ethnicities

Belonging to a nation follows in Russia, Mongolia and China today often political-administrative definitions that originate from the 20th century. The identity, linguistic relationship and the settlement area of the individual groups (such as on the Russian or the Chinese side ) played for defining an important role.

Manchu - Tungus following " small peoples ( nations ) of the North" are registered in Russia:

  • Evenki ( in German literature: Tungus )
  • Evens ( in German literature: Lamuts )
  • Nanaier ( in German literature: Golden / Goldi, fish skin Tatars )
  • Negidalen
  • Oroken (Russian Orotshi )
  • Orotschen
  • Udehe ( also: Udeghe, Russian Udegeitsy )
  • Ultschen ( Ultschi )

In China, there are the following nationalities:

  • Evenki
  • Manchu ( manju )
  • Hezhen (corresponding to Nanaiern in Russia)
  • Oroqen
  • Xibe ( Sibe, Sibo )

Also living in Mongolia ewenkische populations. In addition, the origin of some ethnic groups of today's Mongols ( Caatan ) can be traced back to Manchu - Tungus - speaking reindeer nomads.

Historically significant peoples and political confederations

The significant in the Eurasian and Chinese history peoples were polyethnisch and multilingual usually.

A Manchu - Tungus embossed confederation were the Jurchen ( Jurchen ). They influenced significantly the period of 1114-1234 in North China and founded the Jin Dynasty. Their language was written and official language.

Tungusic horsemen, sometimes called Tatars and not identical with the Tartars of Russia and the eponymous Mongol tribe, the Middle Ages remained through a political factor in Manchuria.

In the early modern period of the rise of the Manchus took place ( Manju ), which in China were politically influential to 1911 and the Emperor Set ( Qing Dynasty ).

  • Ethnicity in Asia
  • Manchu - Tungusic ethnic group
Oroks Oroch people
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