TYRP1

• OMIM: 115501
• UniProt: P17643

5,6-dihydroxyindole - 2-carboxylic acid oxidase, short DHICA oxidase ( Gene: TYRP1 from earlier tyrosinase related protein 1 (Trp -1)) is that enzyme, 5,6-dihydroxyindole - 2-carboxylic acid is converted to melanin. It is thus indispensable for a two pathways via which the melanin pigment in melanocytes is established. Mutations in the TYRP1 gene are responsible for oculocutaneous albinism type 3 animals immunized with this enzyme, show the symptoms of Vogt- Koyanagi -Harada syndrome.

An allele of TYPR1 in humans is typical for residents of the Solomon Islands with blond hair. Although these European expression resemble, this allele is not found in Europeans. Probably the variation is from 10,000 years ago.

Catalyzed reaction

2 Ox. Akz. ⇒ ⇒ 2 Red Akz. CO2

From DHICA the carboxylic acid moiety is oxidatively cleaved and the product polymerized to eumelanin, a brown - black pigment that gives the color along with other pigments skin and hair.

Other Features

DHICA oxidase forms heterodimers with tyrosinase, stabilizes these and possibly contributes to the regulation of the synthesis of melanin by forming a protein complex in whose transcription is activated by a protein called Mitf.

Inhibition

The active ingredient Rucinol to inhibit the formation of pigment specifically by inhibiting tyrosinase and TRP -1 of.