United Australia Party
The United Australia Party (UAP ) was a historical political party in Australia that was active at the federal level from 1931 to 1945. The United Australia Party was the successor to the Nationalist Party of Australia (1916-1931) and predecessor of the Liberal Party of Australia (since 1945).
History
Party's founding
The party was founded after Joseph Lyons and James Fenton, two laboratory - Minister, along with three other members of the right wing of the Labor Party in 1931 that left because of their economic policy during the Great Depression. Together with the opposition of the Nationalist Party of Australia led by John Latham, and three other independent former nationalists ( including the former Prime Minister Billy Hughes ), the five ex- laboratory members founded the new United Australia Party, which was led by Joseph Lyons. The target sat down a more effective economic policy than the Labor Party in previous years. The party slogan was "All for Australia and the Empire". The presence of both wealthy ministers as well as representatives of the working class, mainly embodied by party leader Joseph Lyons, is the party represent the image of a united Australia succeeded without accrued by any classes.
Top party
In December 1931, succeeded the UAP to force new elections, because you no longer zutraute the solution of the difficult economic situation, the government of James Scullin. In a vote of confidence that then also lost. The elections were a major success for the EAP and Joseph Lyons, who generally possessed great popularity in all layers of the country 's new prime minister was. In 1934 they lost the majority government by the strong showing of the Country Party of Earle Page and you entered into a coalition. The conservative economic policies followed by the voters, the Conservatives benefited from the general recovery of the economy.
Leadership contest
In 1939, there were differences of opinion in the party leadership, as Robert Menzies regarded as the designated successor of Joseph Lyons and hoped that this would give way to him from the party leadership. Menzies had a hard time in the party and also of the Country Party and its Chairman Earle Page was not liked. There have been repeated proposals, the former Prime Minister Billy Hughes or Stanley Bruce like the UAP henceforth lead. Then Menzies resigned, but only a month later Lyons died suddenly from heart disease.
In the aftermath Menzies suggested the ex-Prime Minister Hughes in the election for party chairman, after his Page Country Party in April 1939 withdrew from the coalition and the UAP now a minority government formed with Robert Menzies as prime minister. Once in March 1940 Archie Cameron the previous party leader Earle Page replaced as leader of the Country Party, that coalition was re- launched. The coalition, however, had now fallen sharply to their popularity and Menzies government was regarded as unsatisfactory in the first year of World War II. In 1940, the coalition lost after a strong drift of the vote for Labor Party and was only thanks to the support of two independent deputy in the office.
Government loss
In 1941 Menzies was forced to resign. The UAP was so at odds that they in Arthur Fadden a member of the Country Party could become prime minister, although this party was much smaller. Menzies, however, retained his ministerial post and the party chairmanship in the EAP. The ongoing leadership crisis and disloyalty in the EAP, the two independents joined in October 1941 of the Labor Party. Well, John Curtin of the Labor Party Premier; UAP and Country Party walked together in the opposition.
Fall apart
In the Coalition of Labor and Country Party leadership contest went on. While Menzies looked as EAP - Chairman as opposition leader, Fadden had the majority of the party behind him. Menzies therefore resigned from all his offices and the now 79 -year-old Billy Hughes took over the party leadership. Curtin was a popular prime minister in the following years and was the nation after Japan entered the war in December 1941 calm, so that the opposition had hardly oppose something.
In the federal elections of 1943, the UAP was punished for its lack of unity and laboratory received a clear majority. This allowed the return of Menzies as party leader. But Menzies was of the view that the party had suffered from Image forth too much damage and their organization was structurally ineffective. He therefore considered the foundation of a new collective movement of the bourgeois camp as a counterpoint to the laboratory as required. As a consequence, in 1945 was established under the leadership Menzies Liberal Party of Australia as a successor organization to the UAP to life.