Verbascum nigrum

Black Mullein ( Verbascum nigrum)

The Black Mullein ( Verbascum nigrum), also dark mullein, is a species of the genus of mullein ( Verbascum ).

Features

The Black Mullein is a perennial plant that sometimes reaches the stature heights of 50 to 120 to 150 centimeters. The stalk is crowded sharp and often dark red to above. The leaves are hand graufilzig, upper side - in contrast to many other Verbascum species - but almost bald and thereby fresh - green effect. The basal leaves are usually long-stalked, heart-shaped and irregularly notched at the base, the middle stem leaves are simple notched and elongated ovoid. In the elongated glands loose inflorescence sit in similarly situated balls yellow at the base, often red spotted flowers. The inflorescence is spike- like and unbranched, more than the share a few lateral grapes can arise. The corolla is densely hairy outside and has a diameter of about two centimeters sometimes. The stamens are purple violet wool -haired. The longest flower stems are each twice as long as the calyx.

The flowering period extends from May to September.

Ecology

The Black Mullein is a perennial or biennial plant with six rosette tuberose root. The flowers are gay game " pollen - disk flowers ". The nectar secretion is low and probably ecologically irrelevant.

Occurrence

The Black Mullein is scattered to spread throughout Europe with the exception of Portugal, Ireland and South-Eastern Europe before. It grows on dumps, embankments, roads and roadsides, dry meadows and sparse forests. In Austria it is often found in all provinces, only in the Pannonian area missing.

The Black mullein and the Actual Austria Mullein vikariieren ökogeographisch, ie comes in a certain area either (almost exclusively ) a kind of front or the other. While Austria - mullein occurs mainly in dry and warm layers, it is largely replaced in cool - humid regions by the Black mullein.

Documents

• Gunter Steinbach (eds.): Wild Flowers ( Steinbach nature guide ). Mosaik Verlag GmbH, Munich 1996.
• Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Exkursionsflora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 3rd revised edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Centre of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9.
• R. Duell / H. Kutzelnigg: Pocket Dictionary of Plants in Germany and neighboring countries, 7th Edition, Quelle & Meyer Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1