Vissarion Shebalin

Vissarion Yakovlevich Schebalin (Russian Виссарион Яковлевич Шебалин, scientific transliteration Vissarion Jakovlevic Šebalin; * 29 Maijul / June 11 1902greg in Omsk, .. † May 28, 1963 in Moscow) was a Russian composer.

Life

Schebalin, the son of a teacher, studied composition with Nikolai Myaskovsky began after first composition lessons in his hometown in 1923 at the Moscow Conservatory. Immediately after his graduation in 1928, he was at this institute teacher, 1935 professor of composition. From 1942 on, he was director of the Conservatory. But in 1948 he was under the Decision of the Central Committee of the CPSU publicly criticized along with other well-known composers as " formalist " and consequently removed from his office, although he himself took it to accuse other composers of the formalism. Until 1951 he therefore granted conducting lessons at the Institute of Military Music. 1951 was, however, allowed him to resume his professorship at the Moscow Conservatory again. 1953 Schebalin suffered a stroke which had paralyzed his writing hand result. Although he had to write from then on with the left, its productivity remained unbroken. Schebalin was a close friend of Dmitri Shostakovich since the 1920s and maintained a lively correspondence with this traffic. Among his many students count Tikhon Khrennikov, Arno Babadschanjan, Boris Tchaikovsky and Edison Denisov. In addition to the national award "People 's Artist of Russia " received Schebalin twice the Stalin Prize.

Style

Despite his lifelong friendship with Shostakovich has Schebalins style stunning on little in common with his friend. His musical language rather points to the influence of his teacher Myaskovsky, who has been artistically and humanly a kind of model for Schebalin. This is only reflected in the fact that he dedicated his first and his last symphony to his teacher or his memory. Typical of both composers is a more academic approach to music, which expresses itself in sovereign control of the composition craft. It is striking that Schebalins issues often are not very concise; the emphasis is clearly on its development and refinement. Characteristic of the melody is also a strong chromaticism. Therefore his music is sometimes not directly accessible to the listener. However, he avoided despite the focus on the musical substance is not as consistent as Mjaskowski the " wink to the audience ," which is why his music is full effect. Compared especially the instrumentation is colored with more percussion and a more pronounced motor activity, which, however, not nearly as dominant as in Shostakovich. Schebalins harmony is particularly in the works of the 1930s and 1940s often quite sharp and rich dissonance. Basic to this is the harmony of the second creative period Mjaskowskis. As this avoids Schebalin but consistently atonality. The above- mentioned "Decision" also meant for him an incision, although he was not prepared to comprehensively to distance themselves from his earlier work. He incorporated to a greater extent folk music into his work and defused his harmony. In his last works, Schebalin approached to the late works Mjaskowskis.

Works

Orchestral works

  • Symphony No.1 in F minor, Op.6 (1925 )
  • Symphony No.2 in C sharp minor op.11 (1929 )
  • Symphony No.3 in C major op.17 (1934 /35)
  • Symphony No.4 in B flat major op.24 " The heroes of Perekop " (1935, rev., 1961)
  • Symphony No.5 in C major op.56 (1962 )
  • " Lenin " Dramatic Symphony op.16 after Mayakovsky for narrator, soloists, chorus and orchestra (1931, rev. 1959)
  • Sinfonietta on Russian folk-songs in A major op.43 ( 1949-51 )
  • Suite No.1 op.18 (1934 /35)
  • Suite No.2 op.22 (1935, rev., 1961)
  • Suite No.3 op.61 (1963 )
  • Overtures
  • Drama and film music

Concerts

  • Violin Concerto in G major op.21 ( 1936-40, rev. 1959)
  • Concertino for violin and string orchestra op.14 / 1 (1931 /32, rev. 1958)
  • Concertino for horn and string orchestra op.14 / 2 ( 1929/30, rev. 1958)

Stage and Vocal Music

  • " The sun sets over the steppe ", opera op.27 ( 1939-59 )
  • " The Taming of the Shrew ", opera op.46 ( 1946-56 )
  • " The Lark ", ballet op.37 (1943 )
  • "Blue Mai, free country ," Cantata op.13 (1930 )
  • " Moscow " Cantata op.38 (1946 )
  • Songs and choruses

Chamber and piano music

  • 9 String Quartets ( 1923-63 ), including the 5 " Slavic " Quartet (1942 )
  • String Trio, Opus 4 (1924, rev. 1934)
  • Piano Trio in A major op.39 (1946 /47)
  • Violin Sonata op.51 / 1 (1957 /58)
  • Viola Sonata op.51 / 2 ( 1954)
  • Cello Sonata op.51 / 3 ( 1960)
  • Sonata for Violin and Viola in E minor op.35 ( 1940-44 )
  • Works for Guitar
  • Piano Sonata in E flat minor op.10 ( 1926/27, rev. 1963)
List of Russian composers Chromatic scale Orchestration Vladimir Lenin Integrated Authority File
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