Work systems

Sub-working system means a system for the performance of work tasks. According to DIN EN ISO 6385:2004 a work system is defined as

" System, which includes the interaction of a single or multiple Functioning / user for the work equipment to fulfill the function of the system within the working space and the working environment under the conditions prescribed by the work tasks "

Work systems have been defined in the course of Scientific Management to set the output parameters for optimization. So that they reflect the perspective of job design. Other point of view, for example, in quality management, developed similar models with similar elements, such as the process model of quality management.

Description of work system

After REFA a working system is described by the following seven system elements:

The task is the task to be accomplished, for example, " mounting plate drill " or " write session log."

The workflow is a more or less detailed description of the work required to fulfill the task chores, which are then referred to as a working model.

The input all the necessary resources that are required to perform the work task. This includes not only materials especially information. Depending on the viewing focus will be in the analysis but not called all inputs. For example, in the work task " copper pipe brazing " is often the entry "Oxygen" ( from the air ) are ignored and considered only the entries that are explicitly provided.

The output is therefore all the results of the carried out work task. As with the input focus is essential for the above-mentioned issues. For example, " range transport " was a possible issue " exhaust " in the performance of the work task largely ignored. Nowadays all editions of a work system, so for example, emissions and waste within the meaning of an ecological production management should be considered in the work system approach. The joint production will become the normally the production.

Man (also referred to as a working person) is or are the people who control the workflow, or make yourself. He is thus described as a fulfiller of a work item, ie including the skills necessary for this purpose. The description is thus normative and can be used as a basis for the selection of personnel.

Like the Human Being normative, so that the working system is understandable operating and labor resources. The regulations form the organization of work, their variation is denoted by structuring work.

All influences not mentioned by the previous six system elements are referred to as environmental influences. That describes both the physical environment (noise, dust, gases, vapors, space, lighting, temperature, air velocity, etc.) and the social environment (team, supervisor, subordinates, business climate, etc.).

Work system types

Depending on the structure of work tasks and work processes resulting in different types of systems work. The image work system types presents an outline. For place -bound labor systems, the material flows during human and labor are stationary. Portable systems of work produced at immobile material (which are not only building sites under the open sky but also places in factories, where, for example, plants will be built ) to be brought to the people and work equipment.

In addition, the remaining terms of the image are discussed.

Individual work

As an individual work is called work structures in which all works are united to perform a task in a workplace. They must be distinguished from the group or team work.

Group work

For group work, there are various definitions. In the present context - and this is also the meantime widespread opinion - is the Semi-autonomous work group and thus meant that several employees share responsibility for a work item for a long time together, and deciding on allocation of work and work organization itself.

Setting work

Setting work is the fulfillment of the task of a working system in a location with one or more people.

More sites work

The number of jobs, ie places where work is to do more than the number of existing employees in the work system. So the staff monitor the progress of the work to a large extent automatically running systems and intervene to control, when malfunctions or material supply.

REFA distinguishes four types of multi-site work:

Sources and References

• Ergonomics
• Occupational Safety and Health
• Work study