Wylie transliteration

The inscription by Wylie is a method of transcription (more precisely: transliteration) of the Tibetan script, in which only the characters on a standard English keyboard (that is, without umlauts and special characters) to be used. This method is named after Turrell Wylie, who published these transcription after slight improvement of existing systems in 1959. Since according to Wylie, the original text can be reconstructed in Tibetan script of the inscription, there is also an important feature of a transliteration. The inscription by Wylie was spread worldwide in the Tibetan Studies in the United States for Standardumschrift of Tibetan and is.

Consonants

In transcription by Wylie, the consonants are represented as follows:

The last letter of the Tibetan alphabet ཨ, the " Nullkonsonant " will not play because he is represented by a syllable with Anlautvokal.

The consonant clusters of Tibetan Scripture are either represented by suffixes or letters or by high - or subscript letters. The Wylie transliteration does not distinguish them, as in practice by the Tibetan spelling can no ambiguities arise. The only exception to this is the sequence of letters gy, which the y imagined a subscript g or y can either be written by one. The Wylie transliteration these overrides are distinguished by the featured g followed by a dot (gy ), with subscript y but not (gy ), for example གྱང Gyang ( wall), གཡང་ g.yang ( abyss ).

Vowels

The four vowel signs are reproduced as follows:

(Note: The vowel signs are over (e, i, o ) or (u ) the consonant if they should be moved here to the right, which is a technical failure of installed font or the browser. . )

If a syllable with no vowel, the letter a is added to indicate the inherent vowel a (eg ཨ་ = a).

Capitalization

In previous Umschriftsystemen the Tibetan capital letters were used to make the root letters recognizable. After these root letters words could be looked up in the dictionary. This method has not been applied consistently. Therefore, during transcription by Wylie only the first letter of a word is written in capital letters. The Buddhist Kagyu School is therefore with Bka ' rgyud and not with bKa ' reproduced rgyud.

From Fukuda, Yoichi was proposed capital letters for the transliteration of occurring in Sanskrit words retroflex consonants Ta, THa, Da, Na and SHa ( in Tibetan called this log yig ) and for the reproduction of the Anusvara ( auslautendes, nasalierendes "M" to use ).