Xerocomus

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Goats lip ( Xerocomus subtomentosus )

The Filzröhrlinge ( Xerocomus ) are a genus of the family of Dickröhrlingsverwandten ( Boletaceae ).

Features

The Filzröhrlinge form medium-sized fruit bodies from Röhrlingstypus. The stems are dry, thin and often tapered towards the stem base down, in rare cases tubers or lobar. The stalk may be covered with a net, the remains of a velum are not available. The hat is dry and velvety to feinfilzig, there are also species with ( when wet ) more or less sticky or greasy hat. The hat color is predominantly yellow-brown to reddish brown, rarely are orange tones or rich blood red. The tubes are bulged grown up somewhat decurrent, the mouths are yellow to slightly greenish yellow, the tubes are relatively wide. The authors of some included in the genus Goldblatt ( Phylloporus ) has a lamellar hymenium with numerous anastomoses (trunks ).

Ecology

The Filzröhrlinge are usually mycorrhizal fungi that occur in symbiosis with various deciduous and coniferous trees, many species can live together with various species of trees. Some species can live completely optional as Saprobionten. The Schmarotzerröhrling is usually regarded as a parasite on Kartoffelbovisten, but there are also indications that it is a common mycorrhizal.

System

As in many fungal groups, the delimitation of genera and species, and their systematic position within the boletes is controversial. In a large part of the ( German ) Mushroom literature Filzröhrlinge be treated as a separate genus. There are also - especially in North America - writers who consider the Filzröhrlinge only as a subgenus of Boletus (Boletus ). Stands in contrast to the opinion of M. Noordeloos et al. or J. Sutara that suggest a separation of the genus Xerocomus in four to five separate genera, mainly due to molecular biological evidence:

• Xerocomellus ( " Paraxerocomus " ), with the species around the Rotfußröhrling ( Xerocomellus chrysenteron )
• Pseudoboletus, the Schmarotzerröhrling ( Pseudoboletus parasiticus )
• A group around the Maronenröhrling ( " Boletus " badius )
• A group around the Pale Boletus ( Hemileccinum impolitum )

The separation of the Schmarotzerröhrlings and of gold leaf as a separate species can be found widely in the literature.

Types (selection)

The cosmopolitan, widespread mainly in the northern temperate zone genus includes about 30 species. The delimitation of some species is difficult and controversial in the literature. The following selection is called in Europe accepted after Ladurner & Simonini (2003 ) Species:

• Apricot -colored Filzröhrling - Xerocomus armeniacus ( Quélet 1885) Quélet 1888 Xerocomus armeniacus var venosipes Redeuilh 1995

• Xerocomus chrysenteron f aereomaculatus H. Engel & J. Schreiner 1996

From Ladurner & Simonini (2003) will also be made to Xerocomus:

• Bare Boletus (Boletus depilatus, Hemileccinum depilatum )
• Wan Boletus (Boletus impolitus, Hemileccinum impolitum )
• European Goldblatt ( Phylloporus Pelletieri )

Name

The Greek word Xeros meaning dry, Kome head of hair, eg " dry mop " ( Xerocomus ).

Importance

Many Filzröhrlinge are edible, of rarer species is not known edibility. The Schmarotzerröhrling is considered inedible. After the disaster at Chernobyl Maronenröhrling noticed because of its enrichment of cesium.