Yury Olesha

Yuri Karlovich Olesha (Russian Юрий Карлович Олеша; scientific transliteration Yuri Karlovič OLESA; * 19 Februarjul / March 3 1899greg in Jelisawetgrad, Russian Empire, .. † May 10, 1960 in Moscow, Soviet Union) was a Russian writer, poet and dramatist of the early Soviet period.

Life

Olesha was born in Jelisawetgrad (now belonging to Ukraine ), the son of a Polish-born public servant and lived in the port city of Odessa since the age of four. There he was, inter alia, a high school and began at a young age, writing poetry; one of which in 1915 was first published in a newspaper. 1917 took Yuri Olesha to study law at the university of Odessa, but could not bring to a conclusion due to the famine during the Russian Civil War, and his literary activities. In 1921 he went to Kharkov and worked there as a journalist. At the same time he published his own poems in a local newspaper.

1922 settled Oleschas parents to Poland over while Olesha himself went to Moscow. There he wrote first for the railroad workers Gudok newspaper, for which authors like Bulgakov, Ilf and Petrov Katayev and were active at that time. In 1924 he published the children's novel The Three Dickwänste (Russian Три Толстяка ) his first longer work, which is one of his most famous books at the same time. This is the held in the style of a fairy tale story of a fictional country whose society - in a clear allusion to pre-revolutionary Russia - is marked by injustice and oppression, so it finally comes to a revolution. The novel, which Oleschas first work in prose was the same, was filmed in 1966 by Alexei Batalov.

1927 was printed in the journal Krasnaya Now with envy ( Зависть ) Another famous novel Oleschas. The two main characters of the book symbolically represent the old ( pre-revolutionary ) and the new Soviet society, where Olesha sought to embody itself in the figure of the "old " intelligence Jewellers Kavalerov. Because of there herauszulesenden social criticism brought envy the author sometimes negative criticism in the press, and in 1936 the publication of large parts of the work Oleschas was officially banned, what changed with the de-Stalinization in 1956.

1930 wrote a play called Olesha list of the bounties ( Список благодеяний ), which he remembered the stage of the Moscow Art Theatre to stage in collaboration with director Meyerhold. A year later, the play was banned by the censors and could not be listed due to a suspected dissident passages. 1934 wrote Olesha at another stage play, which remained unfinished, however. Since then he wrote up on diary records no more. In recent years, he fell increasingly to alcohol and died in Moscow in 1960 of a heart attack. His grave is located at the Moscow Cemetery New Maidens Convent.

Olesha was since 1922 with Olga Suok, daughter of österreichischstämmigen Odessiten married. To her he dedicated the book The three Dickwänste in which he called a female protagonist also Suok.

Works

• The three Dickwänste. Children's novel ( 1924). Raduga Publishers, Moscow, 1987, ISBN 5-05-001333- X.
• Envy. Roman ( 1927). 2nd Edition Suhrkamp, Frankfurt / M. 1978, ISBN 3-518-01127-8.
• Four cherry pits. Narratives. Langewiesche -Brandt, Ebenshausen b. Munich 1964.
• Liompa. Stories, plays, records. Reclam, Leipzig 1978.